ArticleCancer medicine2020
The immune phenotype of tongue squamous cell carcinoma predicts early relapse and poor prognosis.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor-Stroma Ratio in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Oral diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Accumulating evidence from meta-analyses of prognostic studies on oral cancer: towards biomarker-driven patient selection.BMC cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Emerging histopathologic markers in early-stage oral tongue cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Head & neck · 2022Pooled it
- Chorus line in oral squamous cell carcinoma: How stromal and immune players orchestrate tumor progression (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Adipocytes enhance tongue cancer progression potentially via IL-6 and extracellular vesicles.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tumor cell- and infiltrating immune cell-based supervised learning artificial intelligence multimodal platform for tumor prognosis.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Investigating Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in the Microenvironment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs): Can They Shift Our Perspective? A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Coley's Toxin to First Approved Therapeutic Vaccine-A Brief Historical Account in the Progression of Immunobiology-Based Cancer Treatment.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Biomolecular alterations temporally anticipate microarchitectural modifications of collagen in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.iScience · 2024Article
- A Roadmap for the Rational Use of Biomarkers in Oral Disease Screening.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Tumor-agnostic transcriptome-based classifier identifies spatial infiltration patterns of CD8+T cells in the tumor microenvironment and predicts clinical outcome in early-phase and late-phase clinical trials.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Histological pattern of tumor inflammation and stromal density correlate with patient demographics and immuno-oncologic transcriptional profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in oral health · 2024Article
- Review
- CAR-T cells targeting HLA-G as potent therapeutic strategy for EGFR-mutated and overexpressed oral cancer.iScience · 2023Article
- Review
- T-Cell Density at the Invasive Margin and Immune Phenotypes Predict Outcome in Vulvar Squamous Cell Cancer.Cancers · 2022Article
- Mutant p53 drives an immune cold tumor immune microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Prognostic role of an inflammation scoring system in radical resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Article
- Persistent Changes of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue (OTSCC), current tumor node metastasis staging system fails to identify at-risk patients associated with early relapse and poor prognosis despite complete surgical resection. Given the importance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the development of cancers, here we investigated the prognostic significance of the immune phenotype in OTSCC.
methodsHematoxylin-eosin stained sections of OTSCCs from 211 patients were evaluated. Cancers were classified as (a) immune-inflamed when TILs were found next to tumor cell nests; (b) immune-excluded when TILs were found in the stroma, outside the tumor; and (c) immune-desert for tumors lacking lymphocyte infiltrate. The prognostic significance of these immune phenotypes classes was investigated. Data were further validated on an independent cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas database.
resultsImmune-desert phenotype was the least represented group of OTSCCs in our cohort (11.8%) and served as an independent prognostic factor. Patients with immune-desert tumors exhibited worse disease-specific survival (HR = 2.673; [CI: 95% 1.497-4.773]; P = .001), overall survival (HR = 2.591; [CI: 95% 1.468-4.572]; P = .001), and disease-free survival (HR = 2.313; [CI: 95% 1.118-4.786]; P = .024) at multivariate analysis.
conclusionsWe identified a specific subgroup of OTSCCs with poor prognosis. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes density and localization could serve as an integrative parameter to the current staging system and inform the selection of most appropriate treatments. In particular, the tumor immune phenotype could improve the stratification of patients with more aggressive disease.
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