ArticleDiabetologia2020
Glucose management for exercise using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and intermittently scanned CGM (isCGM) systems in type 1 diabetes: position statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and of the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) endorsed by JDRF and supported by the American Diabetes Association (ADA).
Article in Diabetologia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 201 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, physical activity and sports in type 1 diabetes mellitus: joint guidelines of the DDG and ÖDG].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Guideline
- Low-Dose Glucagon to Prevent and Treat Exercise-Associated Hypoglycemia in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Diabetes care · 2025Pooled it
- Relationship between acute glucose variability and cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
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- Effects of Diactive-1-Supported Progressive Resistance Training on Body Composition in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Trial
- Comparative effects of continuous glucose monitoring-informed and traditional interval-based carbohydrate refueling protocols on endurance exercise responses: an exploratory study.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
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- The Effect of Do-It-Yourself Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Glycemic Variables and Participant-Reported Outcomes in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Trial.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Trial
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- Evaluation of Effects of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Physical Activity Habits and Blood Lipid Levels in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes Managed With Multiple Daily Insulin Injections: An Analysis Based on the GOLD Randomized Trial (GOLD 8).Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024Trial
- Integrating metabolic expenditure information from wearable fitness sensors into an AI-augmented automated insulin delivery system: a randomised clinical trial.The Lancet. Digital health · 2023Trial
- Management of Glycemia during Acute Aerobic and Resistance Training in Patients with Diabetes Type 1: A Croatian Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
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- Perceptions of adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus about diabetes management and exercise.Human factors in healthcare · 2026Article
- Use of Continuous Glucose Monitors in Exercise Research Studies-A Scoping Review on Study Characteristics and Common Practices.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Analysis of lifestyle factors related to improving blood glucose metabolism by continuous glucose monitoring: a multicenter study in the Chikugo region.Diabetology international · 2026Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
30 authors at 20 institutions in 14 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Physical exercise is an important component in the management of type 1 diabetes across the lifespan. Yet, acute exercise increases the risk of dysglycaemia, and the direction of glycaemic excursions depends, to some extent, on the intensity and duration of the type of exercise. Understandably, fear of hypoglycaemia is one of the strongest barriers to incorporating exercise into daily life. Risk of hypoglycaemia during and after exercise can be lowered when insulin-dose adjustments are made and/or additional carbohydrates are consumed. Glycaemic management during exercise has been made easier with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) systems; however, because of the complexity of CGM and isCGM systems, both individuals with type 1 diabetes and their healthcare professionals may struggle with the interpretation of given information to maximise the technological potential for effective use around exercise (i.e. before, during and after). This position statement highlights the recent advancements in CGM and isCGM technology, with a focus on the evidence base for their efficacy to sense glucose around exercise and adaptations in the use of these emerging tools, and updates the guidance for exercise in adults, children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Graphical abstract.
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