ArticleNucleic acids research2020
Novel polyadenylylation-dependent neutralization mechanism of the HEPN/MNT toxin/antitoxin system.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification and structure determination of a type III-Bv CRISPR complex that post-translationally modifies an associated toxin.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2026Article
- Dual regulation of HEPN RNase in fused MNT-HEPN toxin-antitoxin systems via protein OligoAMPylation and oligomerization.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Phosphorothioate DNA modification by BREX type 4 systems in the human gut microbiome.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Bacterial defense systems: Mechanisms, homology to eukaryotic immune systems, and applications.Zoological research · 2026Review
- Functional Coupling and Evolutionary Relationships Between Toxin-Antitoxin Systems and CRISPR-Cas Systems.Toxins · 2025Review
- The Prevalence and Diversity of Marine Toxin-Antitoxin Systems.Marine drugs · 2025Article
- Ser/Thr phosphorylation ofmBio · 2025Article
- A noncanonical intrinsic terminator in the HicAB toxin-antitoxin operon promotes the transmission of conjugative antibiotic resistance plasmids.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Type I toxin-antitoxin systems in bacteria: from regulation to biological functions.EcoSal Plus · 2024Review
- Structural insight into the distinct regulatory mechanism of the HEPN-MNT toxin-antitoxin system in Legionella pneumophila.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Landscape of the metaplasmidome of deep-sea hydrothermal vents located at Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridges in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea: ecological insights from comparative analysis of plasmid identification tools.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2024Article
- Substrate specificity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis tRNA terminal nucleotidyltransferase toxin MenT3.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Structure-functional characterization of Lactococcus AbiA phage defense system.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Acetylation of xenogeneic silencer H-NS regulates biofilm development through the nitrogen homeostasis regulator in Shewanella.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- AnnoView enables large-scale analysis, comparison, and visualization of microbial gene neighborhoods.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Article
- Focused Overview ofBiomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Applications of toxin-antitoxin systems in synthetic biology.Engineering microbiology · 2023Review
- Toxin-antitoxin systems in bacterial pathogenesis.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Identification and Characterization of HEPN-MNT Type II TA System from Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus ΔH.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The two-gene module HEPN/MNT is predicted to be the most abundant toxin/antitoxin (TA) system in prokaryotes. However, its physiological function and neutralization mechanism remains obscure. Here, we discovered that the MntA antitoxin (MNT-domain protein) acts as an adenylyltransferase and chemically modifies the HepT toxin (HEPN-domain protein) to block its toxicity as an RNase. Biochemical and structural studies revealed that MntA mediates the transfer of three AMPs to a tyrosine residue next to the RNase domain of HepT in Shewanella oneidensis. Furthermore, in vitro enzymatic assays showed that the three AMPs are transferred to HepT by MntA consecutively with ATP serving as the substrate, and this polyadenylylation is crucial for reducing HepT toxicity. Additionally, the GSX10DXD motif, which is conserved among MntA proteins, is the key active motif for polyadenylylating and neutralizing HepT. Thus, HepT/MntA represents a new type of TA system, and the polyadenylylation-dependent TA neutralization mechanism is prevalent in bacteria and archaea.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.