ArticleInternational journal of antimicrobial agents2020
Azithromycin and ambroxol as potential pharmacotherapy for SARS-CoV-2.
Article in International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of inhaled ambroxol solution in improving sputum of lower respiratory tract infection in children: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Trial
- Article
- Synergistic action of mucoactive drugs and phages againstMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- A Novel Ambroxol-Derived Tetrahydroquinazoline with a Potency against SARS-CoV-2 Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Charge-transfer chemistry of two corticosteroids used adjunctively to treat COVID-19. Part II: The CT reaction of hydrocortisone and dexamethasone donors with TCNQ and fluoranil acceptors in five organic solvents.Journal of molecular liquids · 2022Article
- Charge-transfer chemistry of two corticosteroids used adjunctively to treat COVID-19. Part I: Complexation of hydrocortisone and dexamethasone donors with DDQ acceptor in five organic solvents.Journal of molecular liquids · 2022Article
- Ambroxol for the treatment of COVID-19 among hospitalized patients: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- SperoPredictor: An Integrated Machine Learning and Molecular Docking-Based Drug Repurposing Framework With Use Case of COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Repurposing of Chemotherapeutics to Combat COVID-19.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2022Article
- Potential use of the S-protein-Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 binding pathway in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- Charge-transfer chemistry of azithromycin, the antibiotic used worldwide to treat the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Part III: A green protocol for facile synthesis of complexes with TCNQ, DDQ, and TFQ acceptors.Journal of molecular liquids · 2021Article
- Application of an evidence-based, out-patient treatment strategy for COVID-19: Multidisciplinary medical practice principles to prevent severe disease.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2021Review
- Ambroxol Treatment Suppresses the Proliferation ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Indomethacin: Can It Counteract Bradykinin Effects in COVID-19 Patients?Current pharmacology reports · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Knowing the ability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to bind to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and to enter cells via endocytosis paved the way for repositioning of old drugs as potential treatment of COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. This paper highlights the potential of azithromycin and ambroxol to treat COVID-19. Azithromycin and ambroxol share lysosomotropic characteristics, i.e. they penetrate and accumulate inside the late endosomes and lysosomes and may possibly interfere with multiplication of the virus inside cells. In addition, both of these drugs have anti-inflammatory effects. Ambroxol has a proven antiviral effect and a unique stimulatory action on the secretion of surfactant by alveolar type II cells, the main target of SARS-CoV-2. Surfactant may form a fundamental defence mechanism against the virus. Involvement of nasal epithelial cells in SARS-CoV-2 entry suggested advantageous use of inhaled drug delivery of these two drugs over the use of systemic administration. Inhaled drug delivery could aid in targeting the drug to the exact site of action with little or no side effects. To conclude, administration of these two drugs using a special drug delivery system provides two kinds of drug targeting: (i) tissue targeting through using an inhaled drug delivery system to achieve high drug concentrations at the respiratory epithelial tissue that overexpress the ACE2 receptor for virus binding; and (ii) cellular targeting of the virus in the acidic vesicles (late endosomes and lysosomes), which represent the fate of endocytic viruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.