Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33044650›Full record

ArticleEuropean radiology2021

Subcentimeter hepatocellular carcinoma in treatment-naïve patients: noninvasive diagnostic criteria and tumor staging on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI.

Shin Hye Hwang, Seung Baek Hong, Sumi Park, Kyunghwa Han, Young Nyun Park, So Yeon Kim, Mi-Suk Park

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Article in European radiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. [Expert consensus on overall standardized management of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI examinations (version 2026)].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shin Hye Hwang *Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Seung Baek Hong *Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sumi ParkDepartment of Radiology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Kyunghwa HanDepartment of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Young Nyun ParkDepartment of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
So Yeon KimDepartment of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Mi-Suk ParkDepartment of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. radpms@yuhs.ac.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5817-2444

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveIt is controversial to adopt non-invasive diagnostic criteria of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in subcentimeter lesions. This study was aimed to define the optimal noninvasive diagnostic criteria of subcentimeter HCC and to evaluate the effect on tumor staging.

methodsWe included 110 treatment-naïve patients at risk of HCC and eligible for curative treatment who had subcentimeter lesions (n = 136) on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed between January 2013 and December 2013. Modified diagnostic criteria for subcentimeter HCC were developed using logistic regression analysis. Accuracies of MR staging with and without using the modified criteria were compared by generalized estimating equation test using pathologic staging as reference standards. Subgroup analysis was performed for patients with co-existing HCC ≥ 1 cm (co-HCC).

resultsThe modified criteria (presence of co-HCC, arterial phase hyperenhancement, and hypointensity on transitional phase [TP]) showed 61.5% (95% CI, 41.6-78.2) of sensitivity and 98.2% (95% CI, 93.0-99.5) of specificity. Including subcentimeter HCCs improved the accuracy of MR staging from 84.5 to 94.5% (p = 0.001). Fifty percent of subcentimeter lesions found in patients with co-HCCs were HCC, whereas 5.9% of them without co-HCCs were HCC (p = 0.001). In the subgroup with co-HCCs, the accuracy of MR staging with subcentimeter HCCs was improved from 69.0% to 92.8% (p = 0.001).

conclusionsIncluding subcentimeter HCCs based on the modified diagnostic criteria (co-existing HCC ≥ 1 cm, arterial phase hyperenhancement, and hypointensity on TP) improved MR staging accuracy. KEY POINTS: • Fifty percent of non-benign appearing subcentimeter lesions found in patients with co-HCCs were HCC, whereas 5.9% of them without co-HCCs were HCC (p = 0.001). • Including subcentimeter HCCs improved the accuracy of MR staging from 84.5 to 94.5% (p = 0.001).

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularLiver NeoplasmsContrast MediaGadolinium DTPAHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesSensitivity and SpecificityContrast MediaGadolinium DTPAgadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPACarcinoma, hepatocellularDiagnosisGadoliniumethoxybenzyl DTPAMagnetic resonance imaging

Identifiers

PMID33044650

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.