ReviewCurrent opinion in allergy and clinical immunology2020
Rubella virus-associated chronic inflammation in primary immunodeficiency diseases.
Review in Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcriptional transactivation turns human iPSC-derived macrophages into an adenovirus-producing cell state.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- APOBEC3A is the predominant global editor of cytosines in human mRNAs and in single-strand RNA viruses.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Sporotrichoid presentation of rubella-associated granulomatous dermatitis.JAAD case reports · 2026Article
- APOBEC3A is the predominant global editor of cytosines in human mRNAs and in single-strand RNA viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- How I Treat: Infections and inborn errors of immunity-Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- TAP-I Deficiency Presenting With Chronic Granulomatous Rubella Virus-Driven Cutaneous Ulceration: A Case Report and Scoping Literature Review.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Current infectious disease management challenges in inborn errors of immunity.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2025Review
- Rubella-associated granuloma in a patient with a compound heterozygous RAG1 defect and review of the literature.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Inborn errors of immunity affecting the MHC class I pathway for antigen presentation.Journal of human immunity · 2025Review
- Modeling Innate Immunity Causing Chronic Inflammation and Tissue Damage.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2025Article
- Multiomics dissection of human RAG deficiency reveals distinctive patterns of immune dysregulation but a common inflammatory signature.Science immunology · 2025Article
- Clinical and immunological spectrum of MHC class I deficiency: insights from a long-term cohort with two novel mutations.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Cutaneous granulomas associated with rubella virus: A clinical review.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2024Review
- Rubella virus-associated uveitis at a tertiary care hospital in Germany between 2013 and 2019.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Article
- Nature and nurture: understanding phenotypic variation in inborn errors of immunity.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Granulomatous inflammation in inborn errors of immunity.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
- Metagenomic sequencing of the bronchoalveolar lavage extracellular virome and cellular transcriptome of sarcoidosis patients does not detect rubella virus.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2022Article
- Rubella Virus-Associated Granulomas in Immunocompetent Adults-Possible Implications.JAMA dermatology · 2022Article
- Drug Sensitivity of Vaccine-Derived Rubella Viruses and Quasispecies Evolution in Granulomatous Lesions of Two Ataxia-Telangiectasia Patients Treated with Nitazoxanide.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of the reviewThe aim of this article is to summarize recent data on rubella virus (RuV) vaccine in chronic inflammation focusing on granulomas in individuals with primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs). RECENT
findingsThe live attenuated RuV vaccine has been recently associated with cutaneous and visceral granulomas in children with various PIDs. RuV vaccine strain can persist for decades subclinically in currently unknown body site(s) before emerging in granulomas. Histologically, RuV is predominately localized in M2 macrophages in the granuloma centers. Multiple mutations accumulate during persistence resulting in emergence of immunodeficiency-related vaccine-derived rubella viruses (iVDRVs) with altered immunological, replication, and persistence properties. Viral RNA was detected in granuloma biopsies and nasopharyngeal secretions and infectious virus were isolated from the granuloma lesions. The risk of iVDRV transmissibility to contacts needs to be evaluated. Several broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have been tested recently but did not provide significant clinical improvement. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the only reliable option for curing chronic RuV-associated granulomas in PIDs. SUMMARY: Persistence of vaccine-derived RuVs appears to be a crucial factor in a significant proportion of granulomatous disease in PIDs. RuV testing of granulomas in PID individuals might help with case management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.