ArticleJournal of intellectual disability research : JIDR2021
Cause of death in adults with intellectual disability in the United States.
Article in Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05198232 (The Effects of Virtual Low-Tempo and High-Tempo Zumba® in Individuals With Developmental Disabilities on Functional Mobility, Aerobic Capacity, Inhibitory Control, Attention, and Balance), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effects of Virtual Low-Tempo and High-Tempo Zumba® in Individuals With Developmental Disabilities on Functional Mobility, Aerobic Capacity, Inhibitory Control, Attention, and Balance
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inequities in Preventive Care for Adults with Intellectual and/or Developmental Disability in the USA: A Narrative Review.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Review
- Disease burden of viral respiratory infections in people with intellectual disabilities: a scoping review.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- Life expectancy of people with intellectual disability: a retrospective cohort study from New South Wales, Australia.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Perceptions of Barriers, Facilitators, and Outcomes of Aerobic Exercise in Community Fitness Facilities by Adults With Intellectual Disability.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2025Article
- Risk of suicide and all-cause death in patients with mental disorders: a nationwide cohort study.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Global variation of low bone mineral density in special olympics adult athletes with intellectual and developmental disability-A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Exploring Connections Between Living Situations and Antipsychotic Prescribing Practices for People With Intellectual Disabilities.Psychiatric research and clinical practice · 2025Article
- Explaining reproductive health inequalities among people with intellectual disabilities: a meta-narrative review protocol.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Analysis of an Australian death database of people with intellectual disability living out of the family home: Place of death and associated variables.Journal of intellectual disabilities : JOID · 2024Article
- Hospitalisation and mortality among privately insured individuals with COVID-19 in the United States: The role of intellectual disabilities and Neurogenetic disorders.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2024Article
- Label free quantitative proteomic profiling of serum samples of intellectually disabled young patients revealed dysregulation of complement coagulation and cholesterol cascade systems.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Article
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- Risk of post-fracture pneumonia and its association with cardiovascular events and mortality in adults with intellectual disabilities.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- A call for action: Increasing the pediatric rehabilitation medicine workforce.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine · 2023Article
- Policy brief: adaptive cycling equipment for individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities as durable medical equipment.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2023Article
- The relationship between subjective socioeconomic status and health in adults with and without intellectual disability.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrior studies report that adults with intellectual disability (ID) have cause of death patterns distinct from adults in the general population but do not provide comparative analysis by specific causes of death.
methodsData are from the National Vital Statistics System 2005-2017 US Multiple Cause-of-Death Mortality files. We utilised adjusted odds ratios to identify causes of death that were more common for adults whose death certificate indicated ID (N = 22 512) than for adults whose death certificate did not indicate ID (N = 32 738 229), controlling for severity level of ID. We then examine the associations between biological sex and race-ethnicity and causes of death solely among adults with ID.
resultsThe leading cause of death for adults with and without ID indicated on their death certificate was heart disease. Adults with ID, regardless of the severity of the disability, had substantially higher risk of death from pneumonitis, influenza/pneumonia and choking. Adults with mild/moderate ID also had higher risk of death from diabetes mellitus. Differences in cause of death trends were associated with biological sex and race-ethnicity.
conclusionsEfforts to reduce premature mortality for adults with ID should attend to risk factors for causes of death typical in the general population such as heart disease and cancer, but also should be cognisant of increased risk of death from choking among all adults with ID, and diabetes among adults with mild/moderate ID. Further research is needed to better understand the factors determining comparatively lower rates of death from neoplasms and demographic differences in causes of death among adults with ID.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.