Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33042556›Full record

ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical policy and practice2020

Identifying dispensing errors in pharmacies in a medical science school in Trinidad and Tobago.

Sandeep Maharaj, Adrian Brahim, Horry Brown, Danielle Budraj, Vatalie Caesar, Anyse Calder, Deisha Carr, Dion Castillo, Kevin Cedeno, Manthan D Janodia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. E-prescribing and medication safety in community settings: A rapid scoping review.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2023
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Sandeep MaharajSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Adrian BrahimSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Horry BrownSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Danielle BudrajSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Vatalie CaesarSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Anyse CalderSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Deisha CarrSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Dion CastilloSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Kevin CedenoSchool of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
Manthan D JanodiaDepartment of Pharmacy Management, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India.ORCID 0000-0003-0000-9673

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA dispensing error can be defined as an inconsistency between the drug prescribed and drug dispensed to a patient. These errors can lead to ineffective and sometimes unwanted pharmaceutical outcomes. Dispensing errors can be harmful or even fatal to patients. CASE PRESENTATION: The objective to this study was (a) to determine the types and frequency of dispensing errors at the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex (EWMSC), (b) to explore the reasons for the occurrence of dispensing errors, and (c) to make suitable recommendations for their prevention. An observational study for a period of 2 weeks was carried out at various in- and outpatient departments of the EWMSC. The observations were carried out during 7:00 am to 3:00 pm. Dispensing errors identified during this period were recorded and analyzed.

resultsSixty-eight errors were identified in the adult outpatient pharmacy of the EWMSC; 19 errors in the pediatric outpatient pharmacy, whereas 22 errors were found in inpatient pharmacy. The most common plausible causes for the dispensing errors include high workload, failure to verify patient information, incorrect data in the pharmacy's record system, inadequate notes made by pharmacists during prior patient visit, and in a few cases, uncomfortable working conditions.

conclusionDispensing errors were encountered in 2.1% of all the prescriptions filled at the EWMSC pharmacies. The factors which influenced these dispensing errors include but are not limited to a heavy workload, distractions, failure to verify patient information, and uncomfortable working conditions.

Indexed as

Dispensing errorsMedical schoolPharmacyTrinidad and Tobago

Identifiers

PMID33042556
PMCPMC7542753

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.