ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
Thrombomodulin as a Physiological Modulator of Intravascular Injury.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with aggregate formation in cold-stored platelets.Vox sanguinis · 2026Article
- A Component Analysis of Endotheliopathy of Trauma.Research square · 2026Article
- Thrombomodulin: a potential biomarker for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury resulting from bacterial infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Observational
- From proteomics to colloidal gold tests for urinary thrombomodulin: a prospective cohort study on accurate sepsis screening.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Immune drivers of venous thrombosis: orchestrating initiation, formation, and resolution within the hypoxic microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Molecular Simulation-Based Insights into the Pharmacological Role of Silk Fibroin in Peripheral Nerve Repair.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Influence of Bariatric Surgery on Endothelial and Glycocalyx Biomarkers in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Mesenchymal stromal cell secretome reduces lung injury and thrombo-inflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Trans-ethnic Mendelian randomization analysis of membranous nephropathy and peripheral artery disease with mediating effects of thrombomodulin.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Derivation and Validation of a Clinical and Endothelial Biomarker Risk Model to Predict Persistent Pediatric Sepsis-Associated Acute Respiratory Dysfunction.CHEST critical care · 2025Article
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation: cause, molecular mechanism, diagnosis, and therapy.MedComm · 2025Review
- Multicenter Prospective Pilot Study Identifying Thrombomodulin as a Potential Biomarker for Neurocognitive Outcomes in Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Coagulation and Inflammatory Indicators in Pneumonia Patients with Venous Thromboembolism: A Propensity-Score Matching Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Impact of Hypothermic Perfusion on Immune Responses and Sterile Inflammation in a Preclinical Model of Pancreatic Transplantation.Transplantation direct · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Pathogenesis and Anticoagulation Treatment of Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Endothelial Injury-Induced Shedding of Thrombomodulin as a Biomarker for Predicting Adverse Prognosis in Sepsis.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Association of Thrombomodulin Expression with Bladder Cancer Grade, Stage, and Recurrence: A Single-Center Prospective Pilot Study.Iranian journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Thrombomodulin (p.Cys537Stop) is released from cells by an unusual membrane insertion/leakage mechanism.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Dengue Envelope Protein as a Cytotoxic Factor Inducing Hemorrhage and Endothelial Cell Death in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- MEK1/2- and ERK1/2-Mediated Lung Endothelial Injury and Altered Hemostasis Promote Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Murine Lupus.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thrombomodulin (TM), which is predominantly expressed on the endothelium, plays an important role in maintaining vascular homeostasis by regulating the coagulation system. Intravascular injury and inflammation are complicated physiological processes that are induced by injured endothelium-mediated pro-coagulant signaling, necrotic endothelial- and blood cell-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and DAMP-mediated inflammation. During the hypercoagulable state after endothelial injury, TM is released into the intravascular space by proteolytic cleavage of the endothelium component. Recombinant TM (rTM) is clinically applied to patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation, resulting in protection from tissue injury. Recent studies have revealed that rTM functions as an inflammatory regulator beyond hemostasis through various molecular mechanisms. More specifically, rTM neutralizes DAMPs, including histones and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), suppresses excessive activation of the complement system, physiologically protects the endothelium, and influences both innate and acquired immunity. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) promote immunothrombosis by orchestrating platelets to enclose infectious invaders as part of the innate immune system, but excessive immunothrombosis can cause intravascular injury. However, rTM can directly and indirectly regulate NET formation. Furthermore, rTM interacts with mediators of acquired immunity to resolve vascular inflammation. So far, rTM has shown good efficacy in suppressing inflammation in various experimental models, including thrombotic microangiopathy, sterile inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, and sepsis. Thus, rTM has the potential to become a novel tool to regulate intravascular injury via pleiotropic effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.