ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2020
Obesity, Diabetes and COVID-19: An Infectious Disease Spreading From the East Collides With the Consequences of an Unhealthy Western Lifestyle.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence and impact of diabetes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Molecular analysis of long COVID and new-onset diabetes mellitus: pathobiological relationships and current mechanistic views.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Cholesterol in viral envelope determines infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Drynaria rhizome water extract alleviates high‑fat diet‑induced obesity in mice.Molecular medicine reports · 2024Article
- The Influence of Obesity on Bone Health in Post-COVID-19 Recovery- Single-Center Experience.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- Intelligent Health: Progress and Benefit of Artificial Intelligence in Sensing-Based Monitoring and Disease Diagnosis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education reductions during COVID-19 may have exacerbated health inequities.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- An Overview of Inter-Tissue and Inter-Kingdom Communication Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles in the Regulation of Mammalian Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Modifiable contributing factors to COVID-19: A comprehensive review.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2023Review
- Refueling the post COVID-19 brain: potential role of ketogenic medium chain triglyceride supplementation: an hypothesis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Do selected lifestyle parameters affect the severity and symptoms of COVID-19 among elderly patients? The retrospective evaluation of individuals from the STOP-COVID registry of the PoLoCOV study.Journal of infection and public health · 2023Article
- Clinical profile of patients with type 2 diabetes after COVID-19 vaccination: A prospective study.Obesity medicine · 2022Article
- Hydroxychloroquine blocks SARS-CoV-2 entry into the endocytic pathway in mammalian cell culture.Communications biology · 2022Article
- A Botanical Mixture Consisting ofNutrients · 2022Article
- Diabetes and COVID-19 testing, positivity, and mortality: A population-wide study in Northern Italy.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2022Article
- Investigating the utility of the COM-B and TM model to explain changes in eating behaviour during pregnancy: A longitudinal cohort study.British journal of health psychology · 2022Article
- Comparing the Cytokine Storms of COVID-19 and Pandemic Influenza.Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2022Article
- Lipid rafts as viral entry routes and immune platforms: A double-edged sword in SARS-CoV-2 infection?Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids · 2022Review
- Effects of gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles on obesity and diabetes and their potential modulation through diet.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has had a global impact not seen for an infectious disease for over a century. This acute pandemic has spread from the East and has been overlaid onto a slow pandemic of metabolic diseases of obesity and diabetes consequent from the increasing adoption of a Western-lifestyle characterized by excess calorie consumption with limited physical activity. It has become clear that these conditions predispose individuals to a more severe COVID-19 with increased morbidity and mortality. There are many features of diabetes and obesity that may accentuate the clinical response to SARS-CoV-2 infection: including an impaired immune response, an atherothrombotic state, accumulation of advanced glycation end products and a chronic inflammatory state. These could prime an exaggerated cytokine response to viral infection, predisposing to the cytokine storm that triggers progression to septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multi-organ failure. Infection leads to an inflammatory response and tissue damage resulting in increased metabolic activity and an associated increase in the mechanisms by which cells ingest and degrade tissue debris and foreign materials. It is becoming clear that viruses have acquired an ability to exploit these mechanisms to invade cells and facilitate their own life-cycle. In obesity and diabetes these mechanisms are chronically activated due to the deteriorating metabolic state and this may provide an increased opportunity for a more profound and sustained viral infection.
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