Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33040195›Full record

SynthesisNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2021

Cumulative risk of stroke recurrence over the last 10 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Beilei Lin, Zhenxiang Zhang, Yongxia Mei, Chongjian Wang, Hui Xu, Lamei Liu, Wenna Wang

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  16. Young stroke: An update on epidemiology, emerging risk factors, and future research directions.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026
    Review
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9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Beilei LinNursing and Health School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-7402
Zhenxiang ZhangNursing and Health School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China. zhangzx6666@126.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2696-7485
Yongxia MeiNursing and Health School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.
Chongjian WangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China. tjwcj2005@126.com.
Hui XuNursing and Health School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.
Lamei LiuNursing and Health School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.
Wenna WangNursing and Health School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.

Funding

Educational Department of Henan Province 2018-ZZJH-547Foundation of National Key Program of Research and Development of China 2016YFC0900803Health Commission of Henan Province SBGJ2018052
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStroke is still the main cause of death and disability worldwide, numerous studies of recurrence risk have been reported, while systematic estimates of stroke recurrence risk in the last 10 years are variable. This review aims to estimate the cumulative stroke recurrence risk in the last 10 years for secondary prevention management in future.

methodsA systematic search from January 2009 to March 2019 was conducted through PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Wan-fang, and CNKI. Search terms were in English and Chinese.

resultsA total of 37 studies involving 1,075,014 stroke patients were included. The pooled stroke recurrence rate was 7.7% at 3 months, 9.5% at 6 months, 10.4% at 1 year, 16.1% at 2 years, 16.7% at 3 years, 14.8% at 5 years, 12.9% at 10 years, and 39.7% at 12 years after the initial stroke. In addition, the pooled recurrence rate of 32 studies including stroke patients over 50 years only at seven time points except for subgroup of 10 years was 7.7%, 9.5%, 11.2%, 16.1%, 19.3%, 18.1%, and 39.7%, respectively. Meta-regression showed that the time points explained 23.02% of the variance among studies, while regions, age, and stroke types showed no significant contribution to heterogeneity.

conclusionsThe risk of stroke recurrence varies greatly from 3 months to over 10 years and increases significantly over time in both young and old subgroup. The heterogeneity may be explained by follow-up time, regions, age, methodology differences, and stroke types, which was needed further exploration in future.

Indexed as

NeoplasmsStrokeHumansRecurrenceSecondary PreventionCumulative recurrence riskMeta-analysisStrokeSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID33040195

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.