ArticleCarcinogenesis2020
Digitally quantified CD8+ cells: the best candidate marker for an immune cell score in non-small cell lung cancer?
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic implications of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Immune-cold NSCLC tumors harbor tumor-associated macrophages with elevated expression of immunoglobulin genes.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- CD3Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Assessment of PD-L1 expression and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma with artificial intelligence algorithms.Journal of clinical pathology · 2025Article
- Fast TILs-A pipeline for efficient TILs estimation in non-small cell Lung cancer.Journal of pathology informatics · 2025Article
- Is It Unnecessary to Assess Tumor Stroma-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Localized Lung Adenocarcinomas?Tanaffos · 2024Article
- Can TILs supplement the TNM staging system (as TNM-Immune)?British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Generating immunogenomic data-guided virtual patients using a QSP model to predict response of advanced NSCLC to PD-L1 inhibition.NPJ precision oncology · 2023Article
- Generating immunogenomic data-guided virtual patients using a QSP model to predict response of advanced NSCLC to PD-L1 inhibition.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Integrative analysis of TP53 mutations in lung adenocarcinoma for immunotherapies and prognosis.BMC bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Stromal or intraepithelial tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes: which one has more prognostic significance in cervical cancer?Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2023Article
- Rethinking the role of biomarkers for operable non-small cell lung carcinoma: an effective collaboration with artificial intelligence algorithms.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2022Article
- The effect of neoadjuvant therapy on PD-L1 expression and CD8+lymphocyte density in non-small cell lung cancer.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2022Article
- A Pragmatic Machine Learning Approach to Quantify Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Whole Slide Images.Cancers · 2022Article
- Automated whole-slide images assessment of immune infiltration in resected non-small-cell lung cancer: towards better risk-stratification.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
- A prognostic classification based on the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer histologic grading and immunoscore in KRAS-mutant invasive non-mucinous adenocarcinoma.Thoracic cancer · 2022Article
- CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Implications of Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Cancer: Focus on Immune Checkpoint Blockade.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The TNM classification is well established as a state-of-the-art prognostic and treatment-decision-making tool for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, incorporation of biological data may hone the TNM system. This article focuses on choosing and incorporating subsets of tissue-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL), detected by specific immunohistochemistry and automatically quantified by open source software, into a TNM-Immune cell score (TNM-I) for NSCLC. We use common markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20 and CD45RO) of TILs to identify TIL subsets in tissue micro-arrays comprising tumor tissue from 553 patients resected for primary NSCLC. The number of TILs is automatically quantified using open source software (QuPath). Their prognostic efficacy, alone and within a TNM-I model, is evaluated in all patients and histological subgroups. Compared with previous manual semi-quantitative scoring of TILs in the same cohort, the present digital quantification proved superior. As a proof-of-concept, we construct a TNM-I, using TNM categories and the CD8+ TIL density. The TNM-I is an independent prognosticator of favorable diagnosis in both the overall cohort and in the main histological subgroups. In conclusion, CD8+ TIL density is the most promising candidate marker for a TNM-I in NSCLC. The prognostic efficacy of the CD8+ TIL density is strongest in lung squamous cell carcinomas, whereas both CD8+ TILs and CD20+ TILs, or a combination of these, may be candidates for a TNM-I in lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, based on the presented results, digital quantification is the preferred method for scoring TILs in the future.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.