ArticlePLoS pathogens2020
An intrinsic mechanism for coordinated production of the contact-dependent and contact-independent weapon systems in a soil bacterium.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- A bacterial-killing type IV secretion system as a hidden antifungal device.Science advances · 2026Article
- A T4SS effector directly disarms competing antibacterial T6SSs by hijacking their conserved spike component.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Hijacking competitor-derived signals: RcsB/C drivesApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Hfq modulates system-wide regulatory networks controlling biocontrol property inSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2026Article
- Mechanism ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- A non-classical PUF family protein in oomycetes functions as a pre-rRNA processing regulator and a target for RNAi-based disease control.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Role of microbial pesticides in pest control for lepidopteran: research status and prospect.Biotechnology letters · 2025Review
- Identification of Pyrrole-2-Carboxylic Acid from the Biocontrol AgentMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Soil microbiome bacteria protect plants against filamentous fungal infections via intercellular contacts.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Two-step localization driven by peptidoglycan hydrolase in interbacterial predation.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- A temperature-responsive regulator that enhances virulence in the kiwifruit canker pathogenComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Type IV secretion system effector sabotages multiple defense systems in a competing bacterium.The ISME journal · 2024Article
- Anti-Hcp1 Monoclonal Antibody Is Protective againstPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Soil bacterium manipulates antifungal weapons by sensing intracellular type IVA secretion system effectors of a competitor.The ISME journal · 2023Article
- Quorum quenching by a type IVA secretion system effector.The ISME journal · 2023Article
- Genetic Basis and Expression Pattern Indicate the Biocontrol Potential and Soil Adaption ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- The peanut root exudate increases the transport and metabolism of nutrients and enhances the plant growth-promoting effects of burkholderia pyrrocinia strain P10.BMC microbiology · 2023Article
- A Novel and Efficient Platform for Discovering Noncanonical Quorum-Quenching Proteins.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Loss of Flagella-Related Genes Enables a Nonflagellated, Fungal-Predating Bacterium To Strengthen the Synthesis of an Antifungal Weapon.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- The Wsp chemosensory system modulates c-di-GMP-dependent biofilm formation by integrating DSF quorum sensing through the WspR-RpfG complex in Lysobacter.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Soil bacteria possess multiple weapons to fend off microbial competitors. Currently, we poorly understand the factors guiding bacterial decisions about weapon systems deployment. In this study, we investigated how such decisions are made by the soil bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes, used in antifungal plant protection. We found that weapons production is guided by environmental cues. In rich media, which likely mimic environments crowded with other microbes, L. enzymogenes produces a contact-dependent weapon, type six secretion system (T6SS). In nutrient-poor media, likely dominated by filamentous oomycetes and fungi, L. enzymogenes synthesizes and secretes a heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF), a contact-independent weapon. Surprisingly, the T6SS inner tube protein Hcp is accumulated intracellularly even in nutrient-poor media, when the T6SS is not assembled. We found that Hcp interacts with the transcription factor Clp required for activating HSAF biosynthesis operon expression. Hcp protects Clp from binding to c-di-GMP, an intracellular second messenger inhibiting DNA binding. The increased concentration of c-di-GMP-free Clp thus leads to higher gene expression and HSAF production. Therefore, when the contact-dependent weapon, T6SS, is not in use, accumulation of one of its structural components, Hcp, serves as a signal to enhance production of the contact-independent weapon, HSAF. The uncovered environment-dependent and auto-regulatory mechanisms shed light on the processes governing deployment of various weapon systems in environmental bacteria.
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