ArticleChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2021
Synthesis of Mixed-Functionalized Tetraacylgermanes.
Article in Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clicking acylgermanes: modular access to photoinitiators for visible-light photopolymerization.Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry · 2026Article
- Mixed-Functionalized Acylgermanes Result in Wavelength-Controlled Fragmentation.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Bonding and Reactivity of Germanium Enolates toward Group 14 Halides.Inorganic chemistry · 2026Article
- N-Heterocyclic Carbene Stabilized Bisacylgermylenes.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Photoinitiators for Medical Applications-The Latest Advances.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Influence of the PHY domain on the ms-photoconversion dynamics of a knotless phytochrome.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2022Article
- Synthesis and Characterization of New Counterion-Substituted Triacylgermenolates and Investigation of Selected Metal-Metal Exchange Reactions.Organometallics · 2022Article
- Calix[4]pyrrolato Stannate(II): A Tetraamido Tin(II) Dianion and Strong Metal-Centered σ-Donor.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2022Article
- Isolable Geminal Bisgermenolates: A New Synthon in Organometallic Chemistry.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2021Article
- Isolable Geminal Bisgermenolates: A New Synthon in Organometallic Chemistry.Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2021Article
- Do germanium-based photoinitiators have the potential to replace the well-established acylphosphine oxides?Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) · 2021Review
- Synthesis and characterization of diacylgermanes: persistent derivatives with superior photoreactivity.Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) · 2021Article
- Synthesis of Mixed-Functionalized Tetraacylgermanes.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2021Article
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11 authors.
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Abstract
Tetraacylgermanes are known as highly efficient photoinitiators. Herein, the synthesis of mixed tetraacylgermanes 4 a-c and 6 a-e with a nonsymmetric substitution pattern is presented. Germenolates are crucial intermediates of these new synthetic protocols. The synthesized compounds show increased solubility compared with symmetrically substituted tetraacylgermanes 1 a-d. Moreover, these mixed derivatives reveal broadened n-π* absorption bands, which enhance their photoactivity. Higher absorption of these new compounds at wavelengths above 450 nm causes efficient photobleaching when using an LED emitting at 470 nm. The quantum yields are in the range of 0.15-0.57, depending on the nature of the aroyl substituents. On the basis of these properties, mixed-functionalized tetraacylgermanes serve as ideal photoinitiators in various applications, especially in those requiring high penetration depth. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, NMR and CIDNP spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, photolysis experiments, and X-ray crystallography. The CIDNP data suggest that the germyl radicals generated from the new tetraacylgermanes preferentially add to the tail of the monomer butyl acrylate. In the case of 6 a-e only the mesitoyl groups are cleaved off, whereas for 4 a-c both the mesitoyl and the aroyl group are subject to α-cleavage.
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