ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2021
The correlation between circulating inflammatory, oxidative stress, and neurotrophic factors level with the cognitive outcomes in multiple sclerosis patients.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of melatonin supplementation on neurobehavioral outcomes and clinical severity in rodent models of multiple sclerosis; a systematic review and meta-analysis.Inflammopharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical efficacy and safety of melatonin supplementation in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Oxidative stress, depressive symptoms, disability, cognitive outcomes and hand dexterity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients with mild/moderate disability.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Leukotriene inhibitors in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review of animal studies.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Dietary regimens and cognitive function in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Dysregulation of ferroptosis-related plasma biomarkers in treatment-free patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in clinical remission: a case-control study.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- The correlation between serum markers of oxidative stress and fatigue and related factors in minimally disabled patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Serum Vitamin E Levels in Multiple Sclerosis: Association with Diagnosis, Cognitive Function, Disability, and Depressive Symptoms.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation and Neuroprotection, Inflammation, Fatigue, and Physical Activity in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- MIND Diet Impact on Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Biochemical Changes after Nutritional Intervention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Oxidative Stress Markers in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Blood-based inflammatory protein biomarker panel for the prediction of relapse and severity in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A prospective cohort study.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Genetic evidence strengthens the connection between gut microbiota and gingivitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Biochemical Discrimination of the Down Syndrome-Related Metabolic and Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress Alterations from the Physiologic Age-Related Changes through the Targeted Metabolomic Analysis of Serum.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Similar or Different Neuropsychological Profiles? Only Set Shifting Differentiates Women With Bipolar vs. Borderline Personality Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionChanges in the levels of circulating markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurotrophic factors might be a good candidate for the prediction of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, the correlation between the mentioned circulating markers with the Cambridge neuropsychological test automated battery (CANTAB) task outcomes was determined in MS patients.
methodsThe CANTAB (paired-associate learning (PAL), reaction time (RTI), rapid visual information processing (RVP), and spatial working memory tasks (SWM)) was completed by the patients. Accordingly, the serum levels of interferon-γ (INF-γ), C-reactive protein (CRP), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity were measured. Cognitive impairment status and the correlation between the circulating factors with the CANTAB outcomes were determined.
resultsThe cognitively impaired (CI) patients appropriately differentiated from not cognitively impaired (NCI) ones using the CANTAB tasks. The serum levels of MDA, TAC, CRP, INF-γ, and GDNF correlated with the cognitive scores in MS patients (p < 0.05). After adjusting for age, sex, disease duration, and disability levels (covariates in a regression model), the MDA, INF-γ, and GDNF factors levels were statistically different between CI and NCI groups (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The mentioned markers might predict the cognitive impairment progress and be used as an index of its detection, in addition to neuropsychological assessments, in MS patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.