ArticleBMJ open2020
Are there ethnic and religious variations in uptake of bowel cancer screening? A retrospective cohort study among 1.7 million people in Scotland.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Barriers and Facilitators to Colorectal Cancer Screening in South Asian Immigrants: A Systematic Review.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of screening participation on modelled mortality benefits of a multi-cancer early detection test by socioeconomic group in England.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2024Trial
- Acceptability of a Peer-Led Faith-Based Intervention to Improve Breast, Bowel and Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake Among UK Muslim Women: A Qualitative Evaluation.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- A guide to cancer screening.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Article
- Sociodemographic variation in symptomatic faecal immunochemical testing return: a population-based analysis of 125 659 patients.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026Article
- Public and Healthcare Professional Attitudes Towards Risk-Stratified Bowel Screening: A Qualitative Study Using an Info-Comic Book.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Invisible spectrum: a model for minority community public engagement in cancer research.Research involvement and engagement · 2025Article
- Stratified/risk-based screening for colorectal cancer in the UK: an overview.Colorectal cancer · 2025Review
- Intention to have blood-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) screening among men and women aged 50-77 years from Black and Asian backgrounds: a cross-sectional survey in Great Britain.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Cancer Screening, Knowledge, and Fatalism among Chinese, Korean, and South Asian Residents of New York City.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of a Faith-Placed Health Education Service on Bowel Cancer Screening in Mosques in East London.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024Article
- Health Service Use Among Migrants in the German National Cohort-The Role of Birth Region and Language Skills.International journal of public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Inequalities in colorectal cancer screening uptake in Wales: an examination of the impact of the temporary suspension of the screening programme during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Uptake of invitations to a lung health check offering low-dose CT lung cancer screening among an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse population at risk of lung cancer in the UK (SUMMIT): a prospective, longitudinal cohort study.The Lancet. Public health · 2023Article
- Integrated database-based Screening Cohort for Asian Nomadic descendants in China (Scan-China): Insights on prospective ethnicity-focused cancer screening.Epidemiology and health · 2023Article
- Integrating genome-wide polygenic risk scores and non-genetic risk to predict colorectal cancer diagnosis using UK Biobank data: population based cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Article
- Assessing Ethnic Inequalities in Diagnostic Interval of Common Cancers: A Population-Based UK Cohort Study.Cancers · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCancer screening should be equitably accessed by all populations. Uptake of colorectal cancer screening was examined using the Scottish Health and Ethnicity Linkage Study that links the Scottish Census 2001 to health data by individual-level self-reported ethnicity and religion.
settingData on 1.7 million individuals in two rounds of the Scottish Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (2007-2013) were linked to the 2001 Census using the Scottish Community Health Index number.
main outcome measureUptake of colorectal cancer screening, reported as age-adjusted risk ratios (RRs) by ethnic group and religion were calculated for men and women with 95% CI.
resultsIn the first, incidence screening round, compared with white Scottish men, Other White British (RR 109.6, 95% CI 108.8 to 110.3) and Chinese (107.2, 95% CI 102.8 to 111.8) men had higher uptake. In contrast, men of all South Asian groups had lower uptake (Indian RR 80.5, 95% CI 76.1 to 85.1; Pakistani RR 65.9, 95% CI 62.7 to 69.3; Bangladeshi RR 76.6, 95% CI 63.9 to 91.9; Other South Asian RR 88.6, 95% CI 81.8 to 96.1). Comparable patterns were seen among women in all ethnic groups, for example, Pakistani (RR 55.5, 95% CI 52.5 to 58.8). Variation in uptake was also observed by religion, with lower rates among Hindu (RR (95%CI): 78.4 (71.8 to 85.6)), Muslim (69.5 (66.7 to 72.3)) and Sikh (73.4 (67.1 to 80.3)) men compared with the reference population (Church of Scotland), with similar variation among women: lower rates were also seen among those who reported being Jewish, Roman Catholic or with no religion.
conclusionsThere are important variations in uptake of bowel cancer screening by ethnic group and religion in Scotland, for both sexes, that require further research and targeted interventions.
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