Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33033007›Full record

Trial reportBMJ open2020

Evaluating spillover of HIV knowledge from study participants to their network members in a stepped-wedge behavioural intervention in Tanzania.

Jeffrey Rewley, Mary C Smith Fawzi, Keith McAdam, Sylvia Kaaya, Yuanyuan Liu, Jim Todd, Irene Andrew, Jukka Pekka Onnela

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01693458 (Enabling People Living With HIV/AIDS), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01693458 phase3completednot on this map

Enabling People Living With HIV/AIDS (PHA) to Serve as Change Agents for HIV Prevention

TypeinterventionalSponsorHarvard School of Public Health (HSPH)Ran2011 to 2014Enrolled1,046ConditionsHIV InfectionArmsAppreciative Inquiry Change Agents (CA) program (NAMWEZA)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jeffrey RewleyCenter for Health Care Innovation, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA jeffrey.rewley@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-8534-8377
Mary C Smith FawziGlobal Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Keith McAdamEpidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Sylvia KaayaSchool of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID 0000-0001-6732-3590
Yuanyuan LiuUniversity of Texas School of Public Health, Austin, Texas, USA.
Jim ToddPopulation Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Irene AndrewManagement and Development for Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Jukka Pekka OnnelaBiostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Funding

Training Program in Psychiatric Genetics and Translational ResearchT32MH017119 · NIMH · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI KARESTAN C KOENEN, Jukka-Pekka Onnela · 1985 to 2026
$8.9M
Bridging Statistical Inference and Mechanistic Network Models for HIV/AIDSR01AI138901 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Ravi Goyal, Jukka-Pekka Onnela · 2019 to 2026
$3.4M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI138901NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH017119PEPFAR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe aim to describe the social network members of participants of a behavioural intervention, and examine how the effects of the intervention may spillover among network members.

designSecondary analysis of a step-wedge randomised controlled trial.

settingChange agents (CAs) were recruited from waiting rooms of HIV treatment facilities in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and their network members (NMs) were recruited directly by CAs.

participantsWe enrolled 662 CAs in an HIV behavioural intervention. They, along with 710 of their NMs, completed baseline and follow-up interviews from 2011 to 2013. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: The primary outcome of this study was change in NMs' HIV knowledge, and the secondary outcome was whether the NM was lost to follow-up.

resultsAt baseline, many characteristics were different between NMs and CAs. We found a number of NM characteristics significantly associated with follow-up of NMs, particularly female gender (OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.63) and HIV knowledge (OR=20.0, 95% CI: 3.70 to 125); only one CA variable was significantly associated with NM follow-up: having a private source of water (OR=2.17, 95% CI: 1.33 to 3.57). The 14.2% increase in NMs' HIV knowledge was largely due to CAs feeling empowered to pass on prior knowledge, rather than transmitting new knowledge to their NMs.

conclusionsCharacteristics of social network members of persons living with HIV persons living with HIV may play a role in study retention. Additionally, the HIV knowledge of these NMs increased largely as a function of CA participation in the intervention, suggesting that intervening among highly-connected individuals may maximise benefits to the potential population for whom spillover can occur. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Clinical Trial: NCT01693458; Post-results.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsFemaleHealth FacilitiesHumansTanzaniaepidemiologypublic healthstatistics & research methods

Identifiers

PMID33033007
PMCPMC7542922

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.