Observational studyBMC psychiatry2020
Screening for depressive symptoms in cardiovascular patients at a tertiary centre in Trinidad and Tobago: investigation of correlates in the SAD CAT study.
Observational study in BMC psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03863262 (Screening for Depression in cADiovasCular pAtients at a Tertiary Center in Trinidad.), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Screening for Depression in cADiovasCular pAtients at a Tertiary Center in Trinidad.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stroke risk factors and outcomes in Trinidad and Tobago: the START study.BMC neurology · 2026Observational
- Prevalence and management of depression among patients with chronic disease: A cross sectional study.Bioinformation · 2025Article
- Correlation of RETINAL Artery Diameter with Coronary Artery Disease: The RETINA CAD Pilot Study-Are the Eyes the Windows to the Heart?Cardiology and therapy · 2023Article
- Endovascular Revascularization and Outcomes of Critical Limb-Threatening Ischemia in Trinidad and Tobago: The EVENT Pilot Study-Challenges in a Limited-Resource, Caribbean Setting.Cardiology and therapy · 2023Article
- Implications for Self-Management among African Caribbean Adults with Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health Disorders: A Systematic Review.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Comparison of cardiac CT angiography coronary artery dimensions and ethnicity in Trinidad: the CADET pilot study.Open heart · 2022Article
- Prevalence Estimates, Severity, and Risk Factors of Depressive Symptoms among Coronary Artery Disease Patients after Ten Days of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to screen cardiovascular patients for depressive symptoms at a tertiary centre in Trinidad and Tobago; and to determine any significant associations amongst patients' demographics, comorbidities, and cardiovascular medications with depressive symptoms.
methodsIn this observational, cross-sectional study, patients (n = 1203) were randomly selected from the cardiology outpatient clinics at the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex. After meeting selection criteria, informed consent was obtained, and patients were administered a case report form, which included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Descriptive analyses included frequency, percentage and summary statistics. Inferential analyses included 95% confidence intervals (CIs), independent sample t-test, Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression.
resultsThe study had a 96% respondent rate, whereby the average age was 62 years old. Slightly less than half were male, and 52.5% were female. Over 90 % of the sample had cardiovascular disease (CVD). One-quarter of the sample had a PHQ-9 score of ≥10, with almost one-fifth having no depressive symptoms. Females, lower levels of education and income were all found to be statistically significant at risk for depressive symptoms (all p-values < 0.001). Comorbidities associated with depressive symptoms included hypertension, prior cerebrovascular events, chronic kidney disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of OR 1.988 (CI 1.414-2.797), OR 1.847 (CI 1.251-2.728), OR 1.872 (CI 1.207-2.902) and OR 1.703 (CI 1.009-2.876) respectively. Only the cardiovascular medication of ticagrelor was found to be significantly associated with depressive symptoms (p-value < 0.001).
conclusionsTwenty-five percent of screened cardiovascular patients displayed significant depressive symptoms with a PHQ-9 ≥ 10. This study also highlights the importance of implementing a multidisciplinary approach to managing cardiovascular disease and screening for depressive symptoms in this subpopulation. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03863262 . This trial was retrospectively registered on 20th February 2019.
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