ArticleEnvironment international2020
Exploring the impact of a liquefied petroleum gas intervention on time use in rural Peru: A mixed methods study on perceptions, use, and implications of time savings.
Article in Environment international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spillover effects on infant caregiving and domestic work during the poriborton clean cookstove trial.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Effects of a household air pollution intervention using liquefied petroleum gas stoves, continuous fuel distribution and behavioural messaging on dietary and sodium intake of adult women in Puno, Peru: a randomised controlled trial.Public health nutrition · 2023Trial
- Household Air Pollution Concentrations after Liquefied Petroleum Gas Interventions in Rural Peru: Findings from a One-Year Randomized Controlled Trial Followed by a One-Year Pragmatic Crossover Trial.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Trial
- Household energy use and health in low-income and middle-income countries.The Lancet. Global health · 2026Review
- Voucher-based liquefied petroleum gas subsidies achieve nearly exclusive clean fuel use when affordable delivery is available.Energy for sustainable development : the journal of the International Energy Initiative · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic status and partaking in air pollution monitoring are associated with cookstove usage across three peri-urban communities in sub-Saharan Africa.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sustained use of liquefied petroleum gas following one year of free fuel and behavioral support in Puno, Peru.Energy for sustainable development : the journal of the International Energy Initiative · 2023Article
- Prenatal and Postnatal Household Air Pollution Exposure and Infant Growth Trajectories: Evidence from a Rural Ghanaian Pregnancy Cohort.Environmental health perspectives · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEfforts to promote clean cooking through adoption of clean-burning fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are often based on the idea that near-exclusive use of LPG could lead to health improvements. However, benefits beyond health, such as time savings, could be more tangible and meaningful to LPG users.
objectivesThis study investigated the effect of an LPG intervention on time spent cooking and collecting fuel, using objective measures of stove temperatures combined with self-reports under conditions of near-exclusive LPG use. We also investigated the perceived value of any time savings and potential economic and quality of life implications.
methodsWe analyzed data from the Cardiopulmonary outcomes and Household Air Pollution trial in Puno, Peru, a randomized controlled trial with 180 participants assessing exposure and health impacts of an LPG stove, fuel, and behavioral intervention. Surveys conducted with 90 intervention women receiving free LPG and 90 control women cooking primarily with biomass assessed time spent cooking and collecting biomass fuel and use of time savings. Cooking time was objectively measured with temperature sensors on all stoves. Qualitative interviews explored perceptions and use of time savings in more depth.
resultsIntervention women spent 3.2 fewer hours cooking and 1.9 fewer hours collecting fuel per week compared to control women, but cooked on average 1.0 more meals per day. Participants perceived time saved from LPG positively, reporting more time for household chores, leisure activities, and activities with income-generating potential such as caring for animals and working in fields. DISCUSSION: This paper suggests that the benefits of LPG extend beyond health and the environment. LPG use could also lead to economic and quality of life gains, through increased time for work, rest, and consumption of hot meals, and reduced arduous biomass fuel collection.
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