ReviewInflammation2021
Inflammation Triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 Augment Drives Multiple Organ Failure of Severe COVID-19: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications.
Review in Inflammation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
143 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 230 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 Persistence and Cardiovascular Sequelae in the Post-COVID Era: A Public Health Microbiology Perspective on Sudden Cardiac Death and Pulmonary Thromboembolism.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Article
- Respiratory epithelial cells as central mediators of immune crosstalk in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Prognostic Value of Systemic Inflammatory Indices in Hospitalized Patients with HFrEF: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Unraveling the cardiovascular burden of long COVID: symptom profiles, underlying mechanisms, and clinical management insights.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Biological Plausibility Between Long-COVID and Periodontal Disease Development or Progression.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV2 and Anti-COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Is There a Plausible Mechanistic Link with Cancer?Cancers · 2025Review
- Current Landscape of the Interrelationship Between Periodontitis, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Vasoprotective effects of lysophosphatidic acid inhibit vascular injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Post-COVID Condition and Neuroinflammation: Possible Management with Antioxidants.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Post-COVID Metabolic Fallout: A Growing Threat of New-Onset and Exacerbated Diabetes.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Article
- Association of Vitamin D Supplementation with Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Activity, Interleukine-6 (IL-6) Levels, and Anxiety and Depression Scores in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Condition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Predictive Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19: Distinct Inflammatory Pathways in Patients with and Without Pre-Existing Chronic Kidney Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effectiveness and Safety of Simnotrelvir/Ritonavir and Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe COVID-19.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of Five-Element Regulatory Therapy for post-COVID syndrome: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- The influence of genetic polymorphisms on cytokine profiles in pediatric COVID-19: a pilot study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Elevated novel inflammatory markers in heart failure patients are associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes within one year: insights from a longitudinal study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The widespread occurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The S spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 binds with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a functional "receptor" and then enters into host cells to replicate and damage host cells and organs. ACE2 plays a pivotal role in the inflammation, and its downregulation may aggravate COVID-19 via the renin-angiotensin system, including by promoting pathological changes in lung injury and involving inflammatory responses. Severe patients of COVID-19 often develop acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ dysfunction/failure with high mortality that may be closely related to the hyper-proinflammatory status called the "cytokine storm." Massive cytokines including interleukin-6, nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) released from SARS-CoV-2-infected macrophages and monocytes lead inflammation-derived injurious cascades causing multi-organ injury/failure. This review summarizes the current evidence and understanding of the underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2, ACE2 and inflammation co-mediated multi-organ injury or failure in COVID-19 patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.