ArticleTherapeutic advances in neurological disorders2020
Relapsing and progressive MS: the sex-specific perspective.
Article in Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of menopause on relapse rate and disability level in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS): a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Demyelinating disorders in women: epidemiology, immunology, and clinical implications across MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD.Journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Insights and challenges on animal models for progressive multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Sex differences in the development, treatment, and prognosis of multiple sclerosis in Switzerland.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Determinants and prognostic value of onset symptoms in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Early identification of individuals at risk for multiple sclerosis by quantification of EBNA-1Nature communications · 2025Article
- Epstein-Barr virus infection promotes T cell dysregulation in a humanized mouse model of multiple sclerosis.Science advances · 2025Article
- Associations of PFAS and OH-PCBs with risk of multiple sclerosis onset and disability worsening.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Exploring the role of sex hormones and gender diversity in multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in relapse-independent and relapse-associated disability progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a real-world inverse-probability weighted study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Disease-modifying therapy initiation patterns in multiple sclerosis in three large MS populations.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2024Article
- Sex differences in multiple sclerosis relapse presentation and outcome: a retrospective, monocentric study of 134 relapse events.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2024Article
- miRNA Signature in CSF From Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Immunosenescence in Neurological Diseases-Is There Enough Evidence?Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Genetic risk variants for multiple sclerosis are linked to differences in alternative pre-mRNA splicing.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Genetic, Environmental and Lifestyle Determinants of Accelerated Telomere Attrition as Contributors to Risk and Severity of Multiple Sclerosis.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Chances and challenges of a long-term data repository in multiple sclerosis: 20th birthday of the German MS registry.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease whose aetiology is not fully understood. The female sex is clearly predominant, with a sex ratio between 2 and 3. In primary progressive MS the sex ratio almost balances out. Since the age at onset is higher for patients with progressive onset (POMS) than for relapsing onset (ROMS), it can be hypothesized that the age at onset is a decisive factor for the sex ratio.
methodsTo address this aspect, we compare clinical and demographic data between females and males for the different disease courses within the population of the German MS Register by the German MS Society. Only patients with complete details in mandatory data items and a follow-up visit since 01. Jan 2018 were included.
resultsA total of 18,728 patients were included in our analyses, revealing a female-to-male ratio of 2.6 (2.7 for patients with ROMS and 1.3 for POMS). The age at diagnosis is higher in patients with POMS (43.3 and 42.3 years for females and males
conclusionOur analysis shows that clinical and demographic data differ more between disease courses than between men and women. For pain, depression and cognitive impairment the female sex is the decisive factor. Whether these factors are responsible for the earlier retirement of females with ROMS is not clear. Appropriate measures for optimization of symptomatic treatment as well as to promote employment should be taken.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.