ReviewNature2020
Area-based conservation in the twenty-first century.
Review in Nature, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 137 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
137 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dual-constraint spatial planning unlocks proactive blue carbon expansion across China's coastlines.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2026Article
- Global conservation additionality hindered by persisting fishing pressure in marine protected areas.Science advances · 2026Article
- Prevalence of traded bird species in key biodiversity areas.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026Article
- Species Extinction Curves Under Emergent Spatiotemporal Land-Use Processes and the Role of Protected Areas.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Extensive climate-induced range shifts in butterflies across the globe.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Predicted decline in common bird and butterfly species even under conservation policy scenarios in Europe.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Potential of different area-based governance mechanisms for achieving Global Biodiversity Framework goals.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Spatial identification of areas suitable for other effective area-based conservation measures in the European Union.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026Article
- Assessing Habitat Suitability and Landscape Connectivity for the Endangered Forest Musk Deer (Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Article
- Bayesian belief network model to predict human-wildlife conflict in protected areas.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- China's "greening but weakening" protected areas reveal a global conservation quality-quantity dilemma.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Trade-offs between nature and people in Ethiopia's protected areas demonstrate challenges in translating global conservation targets into national realities.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Limiting future warming reduces drought exposure for terrestrial vertebrates.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Social implications of the 30×30 global conservation target.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Assessing Ecological Connectivity forEcology and evolution · 2026Article
- Article
- Looking beyond the vent to the environmental seascapes shaping deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- High-quality surrounding landscapes mitigate avian extirpations from forest remnants.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Marine protected areas marginally offset anthropogenic declines in tropical reef fish contributions to nature and people.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Humanity will soon define a new era for nature-one that seeks to transform decades of underwhelming responses to the global biodiversity crisis. Area-based conservation efforts, which include both protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, are likely to extend and diversify. However, persistent shortfalls in ecological representation and management effectiveness diminish the potential role of area-based conservation in stemming biodiversity loss. Here we show how the expansion of protected areas by national governments since 2010 has had limited success in increasing the coverage across different elements of biodiversity (ecoregions, 12,056 threatened species, 'Key Biodiversity Areas' and wilderness areas) and ecosystem services (productive fisheries, and carbon services on land and sea). To be more successful after 2020, area-based conservation must contribute more effectively to meeting global biodiversity goals-ranging from preventing extinctions to retaining the most-intact ecosystems-and must better collaborate with the many Indigenous peoples, community groups and private initiatives that are central to the successful conservation of biodiversity. The long-term success of area-based conservation requires parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity to secure adequate financing, plan for climate change and make biodiversity conservation a far stronger part of land, water and sea management policies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33028996What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.