Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33027911›Full record

ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2020

Formulation and Preparation of Water-In-Oil-In-Water Emulsions Loaded with a Phenolic-Rich Inner Aqueous Phase by Application of High Energy Emulsification Methods.

Seyed Mehdi Niknam, Isabel Escudero, José M Benito

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Bioavailability for the Improved Therapeutic Profile ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Seyed Mehdi NiknamDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0013-6763
Isabel EscuderoDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
José M BenitoDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8899-0448

Funding

European Regional Development Fund BU301P18Junta de Castilla y León BU301P18
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Currently, industry is requesting proven techniques that allow the use of encapsulated polyphenols, rather than free molecules, to improve their stability and bioavailability. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied in this work to determine the optimal composition and operating conditions for preparation of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions loaded with phenolic rich inner aqueous phase from olive mill wastewater. A rotor-stator mixer, an ultrasonic homogenizer and a microfluidizer processor were tested in this study as high-energy emulsification methods. Optimum results were obtained by means of microfluidizer with 148 MPa and seven cycles input levels yielding droplets of 105.3 ± 3.2 nm in average size and 0.233 ± 0.020 of polydispersity index. ζ-potential, chemical and physical stability of the optimal W/O/W emulsion were also evaluated after storage. No droplet size growth or changes in stability and ζ-potential were observed. Furthermore, a satisfactory level of phenolics retention (68.6%) and antioxidant activity (89.5%) after 35 days of storage at room temperature makes it suitable for application in the food industry.

Indexed as

microfluidizationresponse surface methodology (RSM)rotor-stator mixingstability analysisultrasonic homogenizationwater-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion

Identifiers

PMID33027911
PMCPMC7599689

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.