SynthesisHuman brain mapping2022
Intelligence, educational attainment, and brain structure in those at familial high-risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisMulticenter Study
In one paragraph
Synthesis in Human brain mapping, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intelligence, educational attainment, and brain structure in those at familial high-risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.Human brain mapping · 2022Pooled it
- Overlap between genetic variants associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and intelligence quotient: a systematic review.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPNPooled it
- Possible compensatory role of cerebellum in bipolar disorder. A cortical thickness study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Differences in social adjustment during adulthood between adoptees with high and low risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders - the Finnish adoptive family study of schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Differences in Real-world Functioning Between Adoptees With High or Low Risk for Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders-The Finnish Adoptive Family Study of Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2025Article
- Association of polygenic liabilities for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with educational attainment and cognitive aging.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Studying the relationship between intelligence quotient and schizophrenia polygenic scores in a family design with first-episode psychosis population.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2024Article
- Familiality of the Intelligence Quotient in First Episode Psychosis: Is the Degree of Family Resemblance Associated With Different Profiles?Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- Large-Scale Neuroimaging of Mental Illness.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2024Review
- Evaluation of quality of life in patients with schizophrenia: An inpatient social welfare institution-based cross-sectional study.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2024Article
- The Risk for Schizophrenia-Bipolar Spectrum: Does the Apple Fall Close to the Tree? A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Functional Alterations in Patients with Bipolar Disorder and Their Unaffected First-Degree Relatives: Insight from Genetic, Epidemiological, and Neuroimaging Data.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2023Review
- Genomic and neuroimaging approaches to bipolar disorder.BJPsych open · 2022Review
- The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis Consortium: 10 Years of Global Collaborations in Human Brain Mapping.Human brain mapping · 2022Article
- The psychosis human connectome project: An overview.NeuroImage · 2021Article
- Polygenic Risk Scores Differentiating Schizophrenia From Bipolar Disorder Are Associated With Premorbid Intelligence in Schizophrenia Patients and Healthy Subjects.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
102 authors at 20 institutions in 15 countries.
Sonja M C de ZwarteDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9015-3550
Rachel M BrouwerDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-7466-1544
Ingrid AgartzNorwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-9839-5391
Martin AldaDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9544-3944
Silvia Alonso-LanaFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-3063-6929
Carrie E BeardenSemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, California, Los Angeles, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8516-923X
Alessandro BertolinoDepartment of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.
Aurora BonvinoDepartment of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.
Elvira BramonDivision of Psychiatry, Neuroscience in Mental Health Research Department, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1369-5983
Elizabeth E L BuimerDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Wiepke CahnDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Erick J Canales-RodríguezFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-6421-2633
Dara M CannonCentre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Tyrone D CannonDepartment of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5632-3154
Xavier CaserasMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Josefina Castro-FornielesCIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Madrid, Spain.
Qiang ChenLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Yoonho ChungDepartment of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8005-3940
Elena De la SernaCIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Madrid, Spain.
Caterina Del Mar BonninCIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Madrid, Spain.
Caroline DemroDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Annabella Di GiorgioIRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7876-3495
Gaelle E DoucetDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4120-0474
Mehmet Cagdas EkerSoCAT LAB, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0001-5496-9587
Susanne ErkResearch Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Mar Fatjó-VilasFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
Scott C FearsDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Science, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Sonya F FoleyCardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Sophia FrangouDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3210-6470
Janice M FullertonNeuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.
David C GlahnOlin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4749-6977
Vina M GoghariDepartment of Psychology and Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jose M GoikoleaCIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Madrid, Spain.
Aaron L GoldmanLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Ali Saffet GonulSoCAT LAB, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Oliver GruberSection for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Tomas HajekDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0281-8458
Emma L HawkinsDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Andreas HeinzSoCAT LAB, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Ceren Hidiroglu OngunDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
Manon H J HillegersDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Josselin HouenouAPHP, Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France.
Hilleke E Hulshoff PolDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2038-5281
Christina M HultmanDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Martin IngvarSection for Neuroscience, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Viktoria JohanssonCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-3775-7245
Erik G JönssonNorwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0001-8368-6332
Fergus KanePsychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.
Matthew J KemptonPsychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.
Marinka M G KoenisDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3859-3847
Miloslav KopecekNational Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0002-0576-6887
Bernd KrämerSection for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1145-9103
Stephen M LawrieDivision of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Rhoshel K LenrootNeuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.
Machteld MarcelisDepartment of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Venkata S MattayLieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Colm McDonaldCentre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Andreas Meyer-LindenbergDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
Stijn MichielseDepartment of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3930-8646
Philip B MitchellSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Dolores MorenoCIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Madrid, Spain.
Robin M MurrayPsychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.
Benson MwangiDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Leila NabulsiCentre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Jason NewportDepartment of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Cheryl A OlmanDepartment of Psychology and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Jim van OsDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Bronwyn J OversNeuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.
Aysegul OzerdemDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey.
Giulio PergolaDepartment of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9193-1841
Marco M PicchioniDepartment of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Camille PiguetINSERM U955 Team 15 "Translational Psychiatry", Créteil, France.
Edith Pomarol-ClotetFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8159-8563
Joaquim RaduaCentre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-1240-5438
Ian S RamsayDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Anja RichterSection for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Gloria RobertsSchool of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Raymond SalvadorFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5557-1562
Aybala Saricicek AydoganDepartment of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0002-8962-7269
Salvador SarróFIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-1835-2189
Peter R SchofieldSchool of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2967-9662
Esma M SimsekCigli State Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Izmir, Turkey.
Fatma SimsekSoCAT LAB, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0002-4131-2970
Jair C SoaresDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Scott R SponheimDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2782-0856
Gisela SugranyesCIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2545-7862
Timothea ToulopoulouDepartment of Psychology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
Giulia TronchinCentre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Eduard VietaCIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0548-0053
Henrik WalterResearch Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Daniel R WeinbergerBipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Heather C WhalleyDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
Mon-Ju WuDepartment of Psychology and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Nefize YalinCentre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Ole A AndreassenNorwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Christopher R K ChingImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2921-3408
Sophia I ThomopoulosImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0046-4070
Theo G M van ErpClinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2465-2797
Neda JahanshadImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California, USA.
Paul M ThompsonImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California, USA.
René S KahnDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Neeltje E M van HarenDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental · ESUtrecht University · NLKing's College London · GBUniversity of Minnesota · USHeidelberg University · DEOllscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway · IEUniversity of Southern California · USDalhousie University · CADokuz Eylül University · TRJohns Hopkins University · USUniversity of Bari Aldo Moro · ITUNSW Sydney · AUCardiff University · GBEge University · TRHartford Hospital · USHumboldt-Universität zu Berlin · DEKarolinska Institutet · SEMaastricht University Medical Centre · NLRoyal Edinburgh Hospital · GBThe University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston · US
Funding
TR&D3: Intrinsic Surface MappingP41EB015922 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI VAN HORN, JOHN DARRELL · 2012 to 2022
$14.1MTRD4 - Ultrahigh Field Engineering and SafetyP41EB027061 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Gregory John Metzger, KAMIL UGURBIL · 2019 to 2026
$11.7MTraining U54EB020403 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI THOMPSON, PAUL M · 2014 to 2018
$10.1MNeural Phenotypes for Schizophrenia and Bipolar DisorderR01MH052857 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CANNON, TYRONE D · 1995 to 2010
$5.0MNeural Disconnection and Errant Visual Perception in Psychotic PsychopathologyU01MH108150 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI SPONHEIM, SCOTT R · 2016 to 2021
$5.0MENIGMA-COINSTAC-APOE2 Functional and structural connectome protective mechanisms for Alzheimer’s disease and mood disorders: Request for supplemental funds for NIH R01:1R01MH121246R01MH121246 · NIMH · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI CALHOUN, VINCE D, TURNER, JESS · 2019 to 2023
$5.0MTrauma and Genomics Modulate Brain Structure across Common Psychiatric DisordersR01MH111671 · NIMH · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI MARK W LOGUE, RAJENDRA A MOREY · 2017 to 2026
$4.4MInstitutional Center Cores for Advanced NeuroimagingP30NS076408 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI UGURBIL, KAMIL · 2012 to 2020
$4.2MMale/Female differences in psychosis and mood disorders:Dynamic imaging-genomic models for characterizing and predicting psychosis and mood dR01MH118695 · NIMH · GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI ADALI, TULAY, CALHOUN, VINCE D · 2019 to 2023
$3.8MENIGMA Bipolar Initiative: A Global Study of Imaging Genomics & Clinical OutcomesR01MH129742 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Christopher Ching, PAUL M THOMPSON · 2022 to 2026
$3.0MSearching for Endophenotypes of Bipolar DisorderR01MH085667 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI SOARES, JAIR C · 2012 to 2016
$3.0MInfluence of Psychosis on Brain-Behavior Endophenotypes for Bipolar DisorderR01MH080912 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GLAHN, DAVID C · 2008 to 2012
$2.6MCIHR 106469, 142255CSRD VA I01 CX000227Department of Health NIHR200756Medical Research Council G0801418Medical Research Council G0901310Medical Research Council MR/L010305/1NIA NIH HHS T32 AG058507NIA NIH HHS T32AG058507NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB015922NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB027061NIBIB NIH HHS U54 EB020403NIH HHS 1S10OD017974-01NIH HHS P30 NS076408NIH HHS P41 EB015922NIH HHS R01 MH111671NIH HHS R01 MH116147NIH HHS R01 MH117601NIH HHS R01MH121246NIH HHS R03 MH105808NIH HHS S10 OD017974NIH HHS U54EB020403NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH052857NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH080912NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH085667NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH111671NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH113619NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH116147NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH117601NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH118695NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH121246NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH129742NIMH NIH HHS R03 MH105808NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH108150NINDS NIH HHS P30 NS076408Swiss National Science Foundation 32003B_156914VA I01CX000227Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 064971Wellcome Trust 085475/B/08/ZWellcome Trust 085475/Z/08/ZWellcome Trust 091630Wellcome Trust 103703
Abstract
First-degree relatives of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ-FDRs) show similar patterns of brain abnormalities and cognitive alterations to patients, albeit with smaller effect sizes. First-degree relatives of patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD-FDRs) show divergent patterns; on average, intracranial volume is larger compared to controls, and findings on cognitive alterations in BD-FDRs are inconsistent. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of global and regional brain measures (cortical and subcortical), current IQ, and educational attainment in 5,795 individuals (1,103 SZ-FDRs, 867 BD-FDRs, 2,190 controls, 942 schizophrenia patients, 693 bipolar patients) from 36 schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder family cohorts, with standardized methods. Compared to controls, SZ-FDRs showed a pattern of widespread thinner cortex, while BD-FDRs had widespread larger cortical surface area. IQ was lower in SZ-FDRs (d = -0.42, p = 3 × 10
Indexed as
Educational StatusGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseNeuroimagingBipolar DisorderCognitive DysfunctionFamilyHumansIntelligenceMagnetic Resonance ImagingSchizophreniabipolar disordereducationintelligenceneuroimagingrelativesschizophrenia
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