ArticlePloS one2020
The relationship between facility-based malaria test positivity rate and community-based parasite prevalence.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- False-positive and false-negative malaria rapid diagnostic test results: evidence from a nationally representative survey of children in Ghana.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Implementation of Automated Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test Readers in Health Facilities in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Process, Challenges, and Lessons Learned.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Descriptive, Hospital-Based, 10-Year Study of Malaria Transmission in Goa, a Southwest Indian State in the Malaria Elimination Phase.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Spatio-temporal modelling of routine health facility data for malaria risk micro-stratification in mainland Tanzania.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Long-lasting insecticide-treated net use and malaria infections on the Kenyan coast.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2022Article
- Article
- No evidence of false-negative Plasmodium falciparum rapid diagnostic results in Monrovia, Liberia.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Spatial-temporal clustering of malaria using routinely collected health facility data on the Kenyan Coast.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Malaria micro-stratification using routine surveillance data in Western Kenya.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Changing malaria fever test positivity among paediatric admissions to Tororo district hospital, Uganda 2012-2019.Malaria journal · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionMalaria surveillance is a key pillar in the control of malaria in Africa. The value of using routinely collected data from health facilities to define malaria risk at community levels remains poorly defined.
methodsFour cross-sectional parasite prevalence surveys were undertaken among residents at 36 enumeration zones in Kilifi county on the Kenyan coast and temporally and spatially matched to fever surveillance at 6 health facilities serving the same communities over 12 months. The age-structured functional form of the relationship between test positivity rate (TPR) and community-based parasite prevalence (PR) was explored through the development of regression models fitted by alternating the linear, exponential and polynomial terms for PR. The predictive ranges of TPR were explored for PR endemicity risk groups of control programmatic value using cut-offs of low (PR <5%) and high (PR ≥ 30%) transmission intensity.
resultsAmong 28,134 febrile patients encountered for malaria diagnostic testing in the health facilities, 12,143 (43.2%: 95% CI: 42.6%, 43.7%) were positive. The overall community PR was 9.9% (95% CI: 9.2%, 10.7%) among 6,479 participants tested for malaria. The polynomial model was the best fitting model for the data that described the algebraic relationship between TPR and PR. In this setting, a TPR of ≥ 49% in all age groups corresponded to an age-standardized PR of ≥ 30%, while a TPR of < 40% corresponded to an age-standardized PR of < 5%.
conclusionA non-linear relationship was observed between the relative change in TPR and changes in the PR, which is likely to have important implications for malaria surveillance programs, especially at the extremes of transmission. However, larger, more spatially diverse data series using routinely collected TPR data matched to community-based infection prevalence data are required to explore the more practical implications of using TPR as a replacement for community PR.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.