ArticleThe Journal of urology2021
Association of Longitudinal Changes in Symptoms and Urinary Biomarkers in Patients with Urological Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A MAPP Research Network Study.
Article in The Journal of urology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- The value of a non-invasive bladder sensitivity paradigm in chronic pelvic pain.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Article
- Towards precision medicine in clinical trials for the treatment of urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: lessons from the MAPP Research Network.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025Review
- Markers of Tissue Deterioration and Pain on Earth and in Space.Journal of pain research · 2024Article
- The Role of Urinary VEGF in Observational Studies of BPS/IC Patients: A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- How Well Do Current Laboratory Biomarkers Inform Clinical Decision-Making in Chronic Pain Management?Journal of pain research · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe analyzed a series of novel noninvasive urinary biomarkers for their ability to objectively monitor the longitudinal clinical status of patients with urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome. MATERIALS AND
methodsBaseline, 6 and 12-month urine samples were collected (216) and used to quantify vascular endothelial growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 1 (R1), neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and MMP-9/NGAL complex by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Patient symptom changes were classified as improved, stable or worse using a functional clustering algorithm. Proportional odds models were used to evaluate the association between symptom change and urinary biomarkers.
resultsAcross all sampled participants, longitudinal decreases in normalized VEGF concentration (pg/μg) were associated with pain severity improvement, and decreases in MMP-9, NGAL and VEGF-R1 concentration (pg/ml) as well as NGAL normalized concentration were associated with improved urinary symptoms. Longitudinal decreases in normalized VEGF-R1 were associated with pain improvement in patients with moderate widespreadness, no bladder symptoms and no painful filling. Lower baseline normalized VEGF-R1 concentration was associated with pain improvement in patients with pelvic pain only. Higher baseline MMP-9/NGAL levels were associated with pain and urinary improvement across all participants. Moreover, longitudinal increases in MMP-2 concentration was associated with improved pain in men and patients with painful filling.
conclusionsOur results suggest these urinary biomarkers may be useful in monitoring urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome symptom changes with respect to both urinary severity and pain severity. With further testing, they may represent objective biological measures of urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome progression and/or resolution while also providing insight into the pathophysiology of urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
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