ArticleCognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience2021
Neural and behavioral traces of error awareness.
Article in Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Success versus failure in cognitive control: Meta-analytic evidence from neuroimaging studies on error processing.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Towards an integrative neuroscience of metacognition.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Inattention in Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Anxiety: Neurophysiological Evidence for Distinct and Overlapping Cognitive Mechanisms.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Article
- Characterizing the behavioural correlates of error awareness with the novel speeded inference task.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trial-By-Trial Changes in Neural Indices of Performance Monitoring Uniquely Correspond to Behavioral Adjustments During a Flanker Task.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Modulation of feedback-related negativity by objective and subjective response correctness.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Error Awareness Can Occur in the Absence of an Error-Related Negativity.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive mapping of cognitive and emotion networks in stress, anxiety, and depression implicates the precuneus as a critical hub.Research square · 2025Article
- Article
- The neurobehavioral correlates of error processing in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and their relationship with impulsivity.Clinical neurophysiology practice · 2025Article
- The Development of Cognitive Control in Preschoolers and Kindergarteners: The Case of Post-Error Slowing and Delayed Disinhibition.Journal of Intelligence · 2024Article
- Transdiagnostic inflexible learning dynamics explain deficits in depression and schizophrenia.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Anxiety disrupts performance monitoring: integrating behavioral, event-related potential, EEG microstate, and sLORETA evidence.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Updating the relationship of the Ne/ERN to task-related behavior: A brief review and suggestions for future research.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Review
- The influence of error detection and error significance on neural and behavioral correlates of error processing in a complex choice task.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Are items actively removed from working memory during free time in children with developmental language disorder?International journal of language & communication disorders · 2022Article
- Post-error Slowing Reflects the Joint Impact of Adaptive and Maladaptive Processes During Decision Making.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Post-error behavioral adjustments under reactive control among older adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Neuroscience from the comfort of your home: Repeated, self-administered wireless dry EEG measures brain function with high fidelity.Frontiers in digital health · 2022Article
- Meta-control: From psychology to computational neuroscience.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Monitoring for errors and behavioral adjustments after errors are essential for daily life. A question that has not been addressed systematically yet, is whether consciously perceived errors lead to different behavioral adjustments compared to unperceived errors. Our goal was to develop a task that would enable us to study different commonly observed neural correlates of error processing and post-error adjustments in their relation to error awareness and accuracy confidence in a single experiment. We assessed performance in a new number judgement error awareness task in 70 participants. We used multiple, robust, single-trial EEG regressions to investigate the link between neural correlates of error processing (e.g., error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe)) and error awareness. We found that only aware errors had a slowing effect on reaction times in consecutive trials, but this slowing was not accompanied by post-error increases in accuracy. On a neural level, error awareness and confidence had a modulating effect on both the ERN and Pe, whereby the Pe was most predictive of participants' error awareness. Additionally, we found partial support for a mediating role of error awareness on the coupling between the ERN and behavioral adjustments in the following trial. Our results corroborate previous findings that show both an ERN/Pe and a post-error behavioral adaptation modulation by error awareness. This suggests that conscious error perception can support meta-control processes balancing the recruitment of proactive and reactive control. Furthermore, this study strengthens the role of the Pe as a robust neural index of error awareness.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.