Trial reportEuropean journal of nutrition2021
Caffeine increases whole-body fat oxidation during 1 h of cycling at Fatmax.
Trial report in European journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07402902 (Effects of Different Caffeine Ingestion Forms on Fat Oxidation During Cycle Ergometer Exercise), which is not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Different Caffeine Ingestion Forms on Fat Oxidation During Cycle Ergometer Exercise
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Acute Caffeine Intake on Fat Oxidation Rate during Fed-State Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Acute Caffeine Intake on the Fat Oxidation Rate during Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of different caffeine doses on fat oxidation and cardiovascular response during exercise at FATmax in overweight/obese female college students.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- Influence of the CYP1A2 c.European journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Caffeine increases exercise intensity and energy expenditure but does not modify substrate oxidation during 1 h of self-paced cycling.European journal of nutrition · 2022Trial
- Enhanced Walking-Induced Fat Oxidation by New Zealand Blackcurrant Extract Is Body Composition-Dependent in Recreationally Active Adult Females.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Pre-Exercise Caffeine as a Modulator of Exercise-Induced Acute Cardiometabolic Responses: A Narrative Review.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Study on the Mechanism ofBiomolecules · 2026Article
- Common questions and misconceptions about caffeine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Review
- Exogenous Lactate Treatment Immediately after Exercise Promotes Glycogen Recovery in Type-II Muscle in Mice.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Coffee, tea, and cocoa in obesity prevention: Mechanisms of action and future prospects.Current research in food science · 2024Review
- Extrapolating the Coffee and Caffeine (1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine) Effects on Exercise and Metabolism-A Concise Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Research Trends in the Effect of Caffeine Intake on Fat Oxidation: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Effect of 3 and 6 mg/kg of caffeine on fat oxidation during exercise in healthy active females.Biology of sport · 2023Article
- Appraisal of the causal effect of plasma caffeine on adiposity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease: two sample mendelian randomisation study.BMJ medicine · 2023Article
- Acute Administration of Exogenous Lactate Increases Carbohydrate Metabolism during Exercise in Mice.Metabolites · 2021Article
- Novel insights on caffeine supplementation, CYP1A2 genotype, physiological responses and exercise performance.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Review
- Effects ofNutrients · 2021Review
- Time Course and Magnitude of Tolerance to the Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine on the Second Ventilatory Threshold.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe ergogenic effect of caffeine on exercise of maximum intensity has been well established. However, there is controversy regarding the effect of caffeine on shifting substrate oxidation at submaximal exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute caffeine ingestion on whole-body substrate oxidation during 1 h of cycling at the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation (Fatmax).
methodsIn a double-blind, randomized, and counterbalanced experiment, 12 healthy participants (VO
resultsIn comparison to the placebo, caffeine increased the amount of fat oxidized during the trial (19.4 ± 7.7 vs 24.7 ± 9.6 g, respectively; P = 0.04) and decreased the amount of carbohydrate oxidized (94.6 ± 30.9 vs 73.8 ± 32.4 g; P = 0.01) and the mean self-perception of fatigue (Borg scale = 11 ± 2 vs 10 ± 2 arbitrary units; P = 0.05). In contrast, caffeine did not modify total energy expenditure (placebo = 543 ± 175; caffeine = 559 ± 170 kcal; P = 0.60) or mean heart rate (125 ± 13 and 127 ± 9 beats/min; P = 0.30) during exercise. Before exercise, caffeine increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure whilst it increased the feelings of nervousness and vigour after exercise (P < 0.05).
conclusionThese results suggest that a moderate dose of caffeine (3 mg/kg) increases the amount of fat oxidized during 1 h of cycling at Fatmax. Thus, caffeine might be used as an effective strategy to enhance body fat utilization during submaximal exercise. The occurrence of several side effects should be taken into account when using caffeine to reduce body fat in populations with hypertension or high sensitivity to caffeine.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.