ArticleGut and liver2021
Factors Associated with the Immunogenicity of Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Agents in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Article in Gut and liver, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is Routine Monitoring of TNF-α Inhibitor Levels and Antibodies in Pediatric IBD Justified in the Era of Personalized Medicine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Dose Exploration Based on Quantitative Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Monoclonal Antibodies for Pediatric Immune-Mediated Diseases: Current Evidence and Future Directions.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- InfliximabWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background/Aims: Anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) can develop during treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents. We aimed to investigate the factors associated with immunogenicity of anti-TNF agents in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and observe the clinical course of ADA-positive patients. Methods: Pediatric IBD patients receiving maintenance treatment with anti-TNF agents who had been tested for ADAs against infliximab (IFX) or adalimumab (ADL) were included in this crosssectional study. Factors associated with ADA positivity were investigated by analyzing clinicodemographic, laboratory, and treatment-related factors. Results: A total of 76 patients (Crohn's disease, 65; ulcerative colitis, 11) were included. Among these, 59 and 17 patients were receiving IFX and ADL, respectively. ADAs were found in 10 patients (13.2%), all of whom were receiving IFX. According to multivariable logistic regression analysis, the IFX trough level (TL) was associated with ADA positivity (odds ratio, 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08 to 0.51; p=0.002). According to the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the optimal cutoff of the IFX TLs for stratifying patients based on the presence of ADAs against IFX was 1.88 μg/mL (area under curve, 0.941; 95% CI, 0.873 to 1.000; sensitivity, 80.0%; specificity, 95.9%; p<0.001). Among the 10 patients with ADAs against IFX, five patients (50%) switched to ADL within 1 year, while five patients (50%) kept receiving IFX. Transient ADAs were observed in three patients (30%). Conclusions: IFX TL was the only factor associated with ADA formation in pediatric IBD patients receiving IFX. Future studies based on serial and proactive therapeutic drug monitoring are required in the future.
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