Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33023033›Full record

ReviewPharmaceutics2020

COVID-19: Current Developments and Further Opportunities in Drug Delivery and Therapeutics.

Saman Zafar, Muhammad Sohail Arshad, Sameen Fatima, Amna Ali, Aliyah Zaman, Elshaimaa Sayed, Ming-Wei Chang, Zeeshan Ahmad

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Engineering of tetanus toxoid-loaded polymeric microneedle patches.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Blockchain Powered Vaccine Efficacy for Pharma Sector.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Saman ZafarFaculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Muhammad Sohail ArshadFaculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Sameen FatimaFaculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Amna AliLeicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
Aliyah ZamanLeicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
Elshaimaa SayedLeicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
Ming-Wei ChangNanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, UK.
Zeeshan AhmadLeicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 has affected people from all age groups, races and ethnicities. Given that many infected individuals are asymptomatic, they transmit the disease to others unknowingly, which has resulted in the spread of infection at an alarming rate. This review aims to provide an overview of the pathophysiology, preventive measures to reduce the disease spread, therapies currently in use, an update on vaccine development and opportunities for vaccine delivery. The World Health Organization has advised several precautions including social distancing, hand washing and the use of PPE including gloves and face masks for minimizing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. At present, several antiviral therapies previously approved for other infections are being repositioned to study their efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. In addition, some medicines (i.e., remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine) have received emergency use authorisation from the FDA. Plasma therapy has also been authorised for emergency use for the treatment of COVID-19 on a smaller scale. However, no vaccine has been approved so far against this virus. Nevertheless, several potential vaccine targets have been reported, and development of different types of vaccines including DNA, mRNA, viral vector, inactivated, subunit and vaccine-like particles is in process. It is concluded that a suitable candidate delivered through an advanced drug delivery approach would effectively boost the immune system against this coronavirus.

Indexed as

coronavirusCOVID-19drug deliveryimmune responseimmunizationinfectionSARS-CoV-2vaccine

Identifiers

PMID33023033
PMCPMC7601382

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.