ArticleJournal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)2021
Tobacco smoke is a likely source of lead and cadmium in settled house dust.
Article in Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hair metal concentrations in a mother-newborn population from a polluted megacity: an indicator of prenatal metal exposure.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- E-cigarettes and erectile dysfunction: biological mechanisms and research challenges.International journal of impotence research · 2026Review
- Trace Element Content in Fingernails of Vietnamese Men with Laryngeal Cancer: Cumulative Exposure Assessment.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Environmental tobacco smoke is a major contributor to lead, cadmium, and arsenic in settled house dust.Chemosphere · 2026Article
- Potential of Graphene Nanoparticles for Reducing Cadmium Toxicity and Environmental Contamination.Journal of toxicology · 2026Review
- A Narrative Review of Metallomic Studies: Revealing the Toxic Metal Burden in Tobacco Smokers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cumulative childhood lead exposure estimation and school-age IQ in a prospective birth cohort.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Cadmium levels in maternal blood, placenta, and cord blood in relation to preeclampsia and fetal growth: a case-control study in China.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Joint effects of tobacco smoke exposure and heavy metals on serum sex hormones in adult males.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Article
- Recent advances in the clinical management of intoxication by five heavy metals: Mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium and arsenic.Heliyon · 2025Review
- Racialized experience, biomarkers of lead exposure, and later-life cognition: a mediation analysis.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- The association between urinary lead concentration and the likelihood of kidney stones in US adults: a population-based study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Third-Hand Smoke Exacerbates HTurkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Article
- Policy-relevant differences between secondhand and thirdhand smoke: strengthening protections from involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke pollutants.Tobacco control · 2024Article
- Cotton pillow samplers for assessment of thirdhand smoke in homes of smokers and nonsmokers with children.Journal of environmental exposure assessment · 2024Article
- Association between urinary cadmium levels and prevalence of coronary artery disease: NHANES cross-sectional study (2009-2018).Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Thirdhand Exposures to Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines through Inhalation, Dust Ingestion, Dermal Uptake, and Epidermal Chemistry.Environmental science & technology · 2022Article
- Review
- Higher Lead and Lower Calcium Levels Are Associated with Increased Risk of Mortality in Malaysian Older Population: Findings from the LRGS-TUA Longitudinal Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionEnvironmental exposure to lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are risk factors for adverse health outcomes in children and adults. This study examined whether thirdhand smoke residue contributes to Pb and Cd in settled house dust.
methodsParticipants were 60 multiunit housing residents in San Diego, California. All had indoor smoking bans during the study period, and 55 were nonsmokers. Wipe samples from different surfaces and vacuum floor dust samples were analyzed for nicotine, a marker of thirdhand smoke, and for Pb and Cd using liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, respectively.
resultsExamined in each sample type separately, Pb and Cd loadings were significantly correlated (r = 0.73, vacuum floor dust; 0.52, floor wipes; 0.72, window sill/trough wipes; all p < 0.0025). Pb and Cd loadings from different sample types were not correlated (all p > 0.30). Nicotine loading in dust was significantly correlated with Pb and Cd loading in dust (r = 0.49 for Pb; r = 0.39 for Cd, all p < 0.0025). Pb and Cd loadings on floor or window surfaces, showed no association with nicotine loading in dust, on floors, or on furniture (all p < 0.30).
conclusionsTobacco smoke is a likely source of Pb and Cd that accumulates in settled house dust in multiunit housing, suggesting that Pb and Cd are constituents of thirdhand smoke that lingers long after smoking has ended.
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Registered trials
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