ReviewCurrent biology : CB2020
Evolutionary Ecology and Interplay of Prokaryotic Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems.
Review in Current biology : CB, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- RecCVirulence · 2026Article
- Phage anti-defense genes targeting NADVirulence · 2026Article
- Single Staphylococcus aureus SauUSI restriction enzyme motors fragment methylated DNA.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Nested mobile genetic elements mediating antimicrobial resistance genes mobility within and betweeniScience · 2026Article
- Immune-deficient bacteria serve as gateways to genetic exchange and microbial evolution.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Shifting of blaBMC genomics · 2026Article
- Immunity: defense against infections essential for all living organisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Plasmid streamlining drives the extinction of antibiotic resistance plasmids under selection for horizontal transmission.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Bacterial immune systems as causes and consequences of microbiome structure.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Abundant bacterial nucleoid-associated protein H-NS limits plasmid transfer through mechanical modification of DNA.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Why do bacteria accumulate antiphage defence systems?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- Physicochemical, genomic, and phenotypic characterization ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- A temperature-driven DNA discrimination strategy to distinguish E. coli DNA and phage 5hmC-modified DNA.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Host-encoded DNA methyltransferases modify the epigenome and host tropism of invading phages.iScience · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- Combinatorial phenotypic landscape enables bacterial resistance to phage infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Skeletal Muscle and the Immune System.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Soil microbiomes as sources and sinks of greenhouse gases. Challenges and opportunities.Sustainable microbiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Like many organisms, bacteria and archaea have both innate and adaptive immune systems to defend against infection by viruses and other parasites. Innate immunity most commonly relies on the endonuclease-mediated cleavage of any incoming DNA that lacks a specific epigenetic modification, through a system known as restriction-modification. CRISPR-Cas-mediated adaptive immunity relies on the insertion of short DNA sequences from parasite genomes into CRISPR arrays on the host genome to provide sequence-specific protection. The discovery of each of these systems has revolutionised our ability to carry out genetic manipulations, and, as a consequence, the enzymes involved have been characterised in exquisite detail. In comparison, much less is known about the importance of these two arms of the defence for the ecology and evolution of prokaryotes and their parasites. Here, we review our current ecological and evolutionary understanding of these systems in isolation, and discuss the need to study how innate and adaptive immune responses are integrated when they coexist in the same cell.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.