Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33022253›Full record

ArticleCurrent biology : CB2020

Trading-off and trading-up in the world of bacteria-phage evolution.

Alita R Burmeister, Paul E Turner

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current biology : CB, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Bacteriophage-induced outer membrane protein remodelling drives the phenotypic switching and antibiotic re-sensitization in Klebsiella pneumoniae.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Beyond Resistance Genes:Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Abiotic environmental conditions determine phage resistance outcomes in a salt-marsh bacterium.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Phagetherapy updates: New frontiers against antibiotic resistance.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alita R BurmeisterDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, East Lansing, MI, USA. Electronic address: alita.burmeister@yale.edu.
Paul E TurnerDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; BEACON Center for the Study of Evolution in Action, East Lansing, MI, USA; Program in Microbiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Yale University · US

Funding

Understanding the genetic, evolutionary, and ecological interactions between drug resistance and phage resistanceR21AI144345 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BURMEISTER, ALITA, TURNER, PAUL E · 2019 to 2020
$441k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI144345
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In 1979, Richard Law introduced the conceptual idea of the 'Darwinian Demon': an organism that simultaneously maximizes all fitness traits [1]. Such an organism would dominate an ecosystem, displacing any competitors and collapsing biodiversity to only a singular species. Surveying the tremendous species diversity of bacteria in the microbial world reveals that Darwinian Demons do not exist on Earth, and the popular notion is that fitness trade-offs generally constrain such possible evolution. However, the trade-offs faced by evolving bacterial populations presumably hinder their adaptation in ways that are not fully understood. In some cases, bacteria show evolved trade-ups, whereby selection causes multiple fitness components to improve simultaneously. Understanding these trade-offs and trade-ups, as well as their prevalence and roles in shaping microbial fitness, is key to elucidating how the incredible diversity of the Bacteria domain came to be, what maintains that diversity, and whether such diversity can be leveraged for technologies that improve human health and protect environments.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalBiodiversityBiological EvolutionEcosystemGenetic FitnessBacteriaBacteriophagesHumansModels, BiologicalPhenotype

Identifiers

PMID33022253
PMCPMC10291559
OpenAlexW3092624830

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.