Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33020989›Full record

ReviewPediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology2021

Biomarkers of diagnosis and resolution of food allergy.

Ru-Xin Foong, Alexandra F Santos

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. The prevalence of outgrowing non-priority legume allergies in children.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Food oral immunotherapy.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2025
    Review
  13. Natural history of sesame allergy in pediatric patients: Insight from a retrospective analysis.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. How to diagnose IgE-mediated food allergy.Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Can cashew nut allergy resolve spontaneously?Clinical and translational allergy · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ru-Xin FoongDepartment of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7974-0068
Alexandra F SantosDepartment of Women and Children's Health (Paediatric Allergy), School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7805-1436

Funding

Department of HealthMedical Research Council G0902018Medical Research Council MC_PC_18052Medical Research Council MR/M008517/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Food allergy is increasing in prevalence, affecting up to 10% of children in developed countries. Food allergy can significantly affect the quality of life and well-being of patients and their families; therefore, an accurate diagnosis is of extreme importance. Some food allergies can spontaneously resolve in 50%-60% of cow's milk and egg-allergic, 20% of peanut-allergic and 9% of tree nut-allergic children by school age. For that reason, food-allergic status should be monitored over time to determine when to reintroduce the food back into the child's diet. The gold-standard to confirm the diagnosis and the resolution of food allergy is an oral food challenge; however, this involves the risk of causing an acute-allergic reaction and requires clinical experience and resources to treat allergic reactions of any degree of severity. In the clinical setting, biomarkers have been used and validated to enable an accurate diagnosis when combined with the clinical history, deferring the oral food challenge, whenever possible. In this review, we cover the tools available to support the diagnosis of food allergies and to predict food allergy resolution over time. We review the latest evidence on different testing modalities and how effective they are in guiding clinical decision making in practice. We also evaluate predictive test cut-offs for the more common food allergens to try and provide guidance on when challenges might be most successful in determining oral tolerance in children.

Indexed as

Food HypersensitivityMilk HypersensitivityAllergensAnimalsBiomarkersCattleFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin ENutsQuality of LifeSkin TestsAllergensBiomarkersImmunoglobulin Ebasophil activation testdiagnosisepitopefood allergyfood allergy resolutionmast cell activation testskin prick testspecific IgE

Identifiers

PMID33020989

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.