Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33020534›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

Effects of Alzheimer's disease and formalin fixation on the different mineralised-iron forms in the human brain.

Louise van der Weerd, Anton Lefering, Andrew Webb, Ramon Egli, Lucia Bossoni

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Multimodal microscopic and spectroscopic characterisation of heterogeneous iron oxyhydroxides in the human globus pallidus.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
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  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Iron and Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathology to Imaging.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Effects of fixatives on histomagnetic evaluation of iron in rodent spleen.Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials · 2021
    Article
  16. The essential elements of Alzheimer's disease.The Journal of biological chemistry
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Louise van der WeerdDepartment of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Anton LeferingReactor Institute, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
Andrew WebbDepartment of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Ramon EgliCentral Institute for Meteorology and Geo-dynamics (ZAMG), Vienna, Austria.
Lucia BossoniDepartment of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands. l.bossoni@lumc.nl.
Leiden University Medical Center · NLCentral Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics · ATDelft University of Technology · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Iron accumulation in the brain is a phenomenon common to many neurodegenerative diseases, perhaps most notably Alzheimer's disease (AD). We present here magnetic analyses of post-mortem brain tissue of patients who had severe Alzheimer's disease, and compare the results with those from healthy controls. Isothermal remanent magnetization experiments were performed to assess the extent to which different magnetic carriers are affected by AD pathology and formalin fixation. While Alzheimer's brain material did not show higher levels of magnetite/maghemite nanoparticles than corresponding controls, the ferrihydrite mineral, known to be found within the core of ferritin proteins and hemosiderin aggregates, almost doubled in concentration in patients with Alzheimer's pathology, strengthening the conclusions of our previous studies. As part of this study, we also investigated the effects of sample preparation, by performing experiments on frozen tissue as well as tissue which had been fixed in formalin for a period of 5 months. Our results showed that the two different preparations did not critically affect the concentration of magnetic carriers in brain tissue, as observable by SQUID magnetometry.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseBrainCase-Control StudiesFemaleFerric CompoundsFerritinsFerrosoferric OxideFormaldehydeHemosiderinHumansIronMaleMiddle AgedNanoparticlesFerric Compoundsferric oxideFerritinsFerrosoferric OxideFormaldehydeHemosiderinIron

Identifiers

PMID33020534
PMCPMC7536241
OpenAlexW3091581098

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.