ArticleBiomolecules2020
Comparison of Effects of Metformin, Phenformin, and Inhibitors of Mitochondrial Complex I on Mitochondrial Permeability Transition and Ischemic Brain Injury.
Article in Biomolecules, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metformin Inhibits Ferroptotic Cell Death by Suppressing Cysteine Deprivation-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial retrograde signaling in gastric cancer: mtDNA mutations, ROS-driven NF-κB/HIF-1α activation, and Warburg effect amplification.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- The AMPK/GDF15 Axis: A Novel Target for the Neuroprotective Effects of Metformin in Ischemic Stroke.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Targeting mitochondrial transporters and metabolic reprogramming for disease treatment.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Mitochondria: the hidden engines of traumatic brain injury-driven neurodegeneration.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Effects of Anesthesia with Pentobarbital/Ketamine on Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening and Ischemic Brain Damage.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Icariin improves oxidative stress injury during ischemic stroke via inhibiting mPTP opening.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Structural basis of mammalian respiratory complex I inhibition by medicinal biguanides.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- A review of stress-induced hyperglycaemia in the context of acute ischaemic stroke: Definition, underlying mechanisms, and the status of insulin therapy.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Platelet mitochondria, a potent immune mediator in neurological diseases.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Mitochondria and Central Nervous System Disorders.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Imeglimin Is Neuroprotective Against Ischemic Brain Injury in Rats-a Study Evaluating Neuroinflammation and Mitochondrial Functions.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Targets for Regulating Oxidative Damage Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Study from a Pharmacological Perspective.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
- Diabetes: Chronic Metformin Treatment and Outcome Following Acute Stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Mitochondrial Damage in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Application of Natural Plant Products.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
- Review
- Effects of Metformin on Spontaneous CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Post-Stroke Metformin Treatment Using Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Damage to cerebral mitochondria, particularly opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), is a key mechanism of ischemic brain injury, therefore, modulation of MPTP may be a potential target for a neuroprotective strategy in ischemic brain pathologies. The aim of this study was to investigate whether biguanides-metformin and phenformin as well as other inhibitors of Complex I of the mitochondrial electron transfer system may protect against ischemia-induced cell death in brain slice cultures by suppressing MPTP, and whether the effects of these inhibitors depend on the age of animals. Experiments were performed on brain slice cultures prepared from 5-7-day (premature) and 2-3-month old (adult) rat brains. In premature brain slice cultures, simulated ischemia (hypoxia plus deoxyglucose) induced necrosis whereas in adult rat brain slice cultures necrosis was induced by hypoxia alone and was suppressed by deoxyglucose. Phenformin prevented necrosis induced by simulated ischemia in premature and hypoxia-induced-in adult brain slices, whereas metformin was protective in adult brain slices cultures. In premature brain slices, necrosis was also prevented by Complex I inhibitors rotenone and amobarbital and by MPTP inhibitor cyclosporine A. The latter two inhibitors were protective in adult brain slices as well. Short-term exposure of cultured neurons to phenformin, metformin and rotenone prevented ionomycin-induced MPTP opening in intact cells. The data suggest that, depending on the age, phenformin and metformin may protect the brain against ischemic damage possibly by suppressing MPTP via inhibition of mitochondrial Complex I.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.