Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33017672›Full record

SynthesisJournal of sport and health science2021

Chronic ankle instability is associated with proprioception deficits: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Xiao'ao Xue, Tengjia Ma, Qianru Li, Yujie Song, Yinghui Hua

3 registry-linked trialsOpen access · diamondAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of sport and health science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 107 papers, 16 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
107citing papers in PubMed, 16 pooled it
8.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06118879 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Role of Sensory Deficits and the Effect of Sensory Stimulation on Sensorimotor Control and Neuromuscular Performance in Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability

TypeinterventionalSponsorNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityRan2023 to 2026Enrolled150ConditionsChronic Ankle InstabilityArmsTranscutaneous electrical stimulation
NCT06244511 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

When to Start Bipedal Exercises in Chronic Ankle Instability?

TypeinterventionalSponsorIstanbul University - CerrahpasaRan2024 to 2026Enrolled40ConditionsInstability, Ankle (Ligaments) (Old Injury)ArmsEarly Bipedal Exercise, Late Bipedal Exercise
NCT06567847 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Is a Neurocognitively Enriched Exercise Effective in Reducing Re-Injury Risk and Improving Balance and Proprioception in Individuals With Lateral Ankle Instability?

TypeinterventionalSponsorIstanbul University - CerrahpasaRan2025 to 2028Enrolled36ConditionsAnkle SprainsArmsNeurocognitive Enriched Exercise, Multimodal Exercise
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

107 citing papers in PubMed, 16 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Athletes with Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
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  20. Rotating-pulling-poking manipulation in gait analysis for lateral ankle sprain treatment.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2025
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47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xiao'ao XueDepartment of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Tengjia MaDepartment of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Qianru LiDepartment of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Yujie SongDepartment of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Yinghui HuaDepartment of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China. Electronic address: hua_cosm@aliyun.com.
Huashan Hospital · CNFudan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAcute ankle injury causes damage to joint mechanoreceptors and deafferentation and contributes to proprioception deficits in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). We aimed to explore whether deficits of proprioception, including kinesthesia and joint position sense (JPS), exist in patients with CAI when compared with the uninjured contralateral side and healthy people. We hypothesized that proprioception deficits did exist in patients with CAI and that the deficits varied by test methodologies.

methodsThe study was a systematic review and meta-analysis. We identified studies that compared kinesthesia or JPS in patients with CAI with the uninjured contralateral side or with healthy controls. Meta-analyses were conducted for the studies with similar test procedures, and narrative syntheses were undertaken for the rest.

resultsA total of 7731 studies were identified, of which 30 were included for review. A total of 21 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. Compared with the contralateral side, patients with CAI had ankle kinesthesia deficits in inversion and plantarflexion, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.41 and 0.92, respectively, and active and passive JPS deficits in inversion (SMD = 0.92 and 0.72, respectively). Compared with healthy people, patients with CAI had ankle kinesthesia deficits in inversion and eversion (SMD = 0.64 and 0.76, respectively), and active JPS deficits in inversion and eversion (SMD = 1.00 and 4.82, respectively). Proprioception deficits in the knee and shoulder of patients with CAI were not statistically significant.

conclusionProprioception, including both kinesthesia and JPS, of the injured ankle of patients with CAI was impaired, compared with the uninjured contralateral limbs and healthy people. Proprioception varied depending on different movement directions and test methodologies. The use of more detailed measurements of proprioception and interventions for restoring the deficits are recommended in the clinical management of CAI.

Indexed as

Ankle JointAnkle InjuriesBiasChronic DiseaseHumansJoint InstabilityKinesthesisKnee JointMovementProprioceptionSensation DisordersShoulder JointChronic ankle instabilityJoint position senseKinesthesiaProprioception

Identifiers

PMID33017672
PMCPMC7987558
OpenAlexW3019948866

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.