ArticlePloS one2020
High positivity values for bovine leukemia virus in human breast cancer cases from Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral Genomic Footprints in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Tissue-Based Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus and Bovine Leukemia Virus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and risk of breast cancer; a systematic review and meta-analysis.Retrovirology · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Visual typing detection of bovine leukemia virus with a lateral flow immunoassay based on latex microspheres.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Absence of detectable bovine leukemia virus miRNAs in human cancer small RNA-seq datasets.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Article
- Establishment and Characterization of Human Cell Lines Stably Infected With Bovine Leukemia Virus In Vitro Reveals Apoptosis After Latency and Silencing.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Bovine Leukemia Virus: Origin, Prevalence, Phylogenetic Diversity, Risk Factors, and Strategies for Control.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Bovine Leukemia Virus and Human Breast Cancer: A Review of Clinical and Molecular Evidence.Viruses · 2025Review
- Bovine leukemia virus: an emerging concern for zoonotic cross-species transmission.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- The association between infectious agents and breast cancer: a review of the epidemiologic evidence.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Review
- The Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Bovine Leukemia Virus among Dairy Cattle in Henan Province, China.Viruses · 2024Article
- The viral origins of breast cancer.Infectious agents and cancer · 2024Review
- Seroprevalence of bovine leukemia virus and association with bovine infectious abortion in Creole breeds from tropical grazing herds in the Colombian Caribbean.Veterinary world · 2024Article
- The Role of Oncogenic Viruses in the Pathogenesis of Sporadic Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Design and implementation of a TaqManVeterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2024Article
- Bovine leukemia virus: a perspective insight into the infection and immunity.Iranian journal of veterinary research · 2023Review
- No evidence of bovine leukemia virus proviral DNA and antibodies in human specimens from Japan.Retrovirology · 2022Article
- Molecular investigation of possible relationships concerning bovine leukemia virus and breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A safe and effective vaccine against bovine leukemia virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus that causes lymphoma in cattle worldwide and has also been associated with breast cancer in humans. The mechanism of BLV infection in humans and its implication as a primary cause of cancer in women are not known yet. BLV infection in humans may be caused by the consumption of milk and milk-products or meat from infected animals. Breast cancer incidence rates in Brazil are high, corresponding to 29.5% a year of cancer cases among women. In 2020, an estimated 66,280 new cases of breast cancer are expected, whereas in 2018 breast cancer has led to 17,572 deaths, the highest incidence and lethality among cancers in women in this country that year. BLV infection occurrence ranges from 60 to 95% in dairy herds. In addition, there are some regions, such as the Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil, where the population traditionally consume unpasteurized dairy products. Taken together, this study aimed to verify if there is a higher association between breast cancer and the presence of BLV genome in breast tissue samples within this population that consumes raw milk from animals with high rates of BLV infection. A molecular study of two BLV genes was carried out in 88 breast parenchyma samples, between tumors and controls. The amplified fragment was subjected to BLV proviral sequencing and its identity was confirmed using GenBank. BLV proviral genes were amplified from tumor breast parenchyma samples and healthy tissue control samples from women, revealing a 95.9% (47/49) and 59% (23/39) positivity, respectively. Our results show the highest correlation of BLV and human breast cancer found in the world to date within the population of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.