Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33017102›Full record

ArticlePediatric pulmonology2020

Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for COVID-19 in children?

Kamil Yılmaz, Velat Şen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric pulmonology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  3. Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Levels in People Under Age 18 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2022
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  13. COVID-19 in Children and Vitamin D.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Kamil YılmazDepartment of Pediatric, Dicle University School of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey.ORCID 0000-0001-5137-0501
Velat ŞenDepartment of Pediatric Pulmonology, Dicle University School of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health problem that can result in serious complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and clinical importance of vitamin D deficiency in children with COVID-19. MATERIAL AND

methodsThis study includes 40 patients who were diagnosed to have COVID-19 and hospitalized with the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method, 45 healthy matched control subjects with vitamin D levels. The age of admission, clinical and laboratory data, and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OHD) levels were recorded. Those with vitamin D levels which are below 20 ng/ml were determined as Group 1 and those with ≥20 ng/ml as Group 2.

resultsPatients with COVID-19 had significantly lower vitamin D levels 13.14 μg/L (4.19-69.28) than did the controls 34.81 (3.8-77.42) μg/L (p < .001). Patients with COVID-19 also had significantly lower serum phosphorus (4.09 ± 0.73 vs. 5.06 ± 0.93 vs. (U/L) (p < .001)) values compared with the controls. The symptom of fever was significantly higher in COVID- 19 patients who had deficient and insufficient vitamin D levels than in patients who had sufficient vitamin D levels (p = .038). There was a negative correlation found between fever symptom and vitamin D level (r = -0.358, p = .023).

conclusionThis is the first to evaluate vitamin D levels and its relationship with clinical findings in pediatric patients with COVID-19. Our results suggest that vitamin D values may be associated with the occurrence and management of the COVID-19 disease by modulating the immunological mechanism to the virus in the pediatric population.

Indexed as

AdolescentBetacoronavirusCalcifediolCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolCoronavirusCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19FemaleFeverHumansInfantMalePandemicsPhosphorusCalcifediolPhosphorusVitamin DVitamins

Identifiers

PMID33017102
PMCPMC7675606

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.