ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
Mitigating Coronavirus Induced Dysfunctional Immunity for At-Risk Populations in COVID-19: Trained Immunity, BCG and "New Old Friends".
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel soil-derived Mycolicibacterium decreases anxiety-like defensive behavioral responses in association with decreases in biomarkers of neuroinflammation and hippocampal microglial priming in adult male rats.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Innate immune training in the neonatal response to sepsis.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Review of COVID-19 Therapeutics by Mechanism: From Discovery to Approval.Journal of Korean medical science · 2024Review
- Bacille-Calmette-Guerin modulates human macrophage and dendritic cell response to SARS-CoV-2 S-glycoprotein.Infectious medicine · 2023Article
- Heterologous vaccination interventions to reduce pandemic morbidity and mortality: Modeling the US winter 2020 COVID-19 wave.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Rapidly GrowingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- Perforin, COVID-19 and a possible pathogenic auto-inflammatory feedback loop.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2021Review
- Effect of BCG vaccination on proinflammatory responses in elderly individuals.Science advances · 2021Article
- [Epidemiological features and mechanism of coronavirus disease 2019 in children].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2021Article
- BCG vaccination history associates with decreased SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence across a diverse cohort of health care workers.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Observational
- Article
- Comparing the effects of two different strains of mycobacteria, Mycobacterium vaccae NCTC 11659 and M. vaccae ATCC 15483, on stress-resilient behaviors and lipid-immune signaling in rats.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
- Immunogenetic Association Underlying Severe COVID-19.Vaccines · 2020Review
- How to Train Your Dragon: Harnessing Gamma Delta T Cells Antiviral Functions and Trained Immunity in a Pandemic Era.Frontiers in immunologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The novel, highly contagious coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 spreads rapidly throughout the world, leading to a deadly pandemic of a predominantly respiratory illness called COVID-19. Safe and effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are urgently needed. However, emerging immunological observations show hallmarks of significant immunopathological characteristics and dysfunctional immune responses in patients with COVID-19. Combined with existing knowledge about immune responses to other closely related and highly pathogenic coronaviruses, this could forebode significant challenges for vaccine development, including the risk of vaccine failure. Animal data from earlier coronavirus vaccine efforts indicate that elderly people, most at risk from severe COVID-19 disease, could be especially at risk from immunopathologic responses to novel coronavirus vaccines. Bacterial "new old friends" such as Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.