ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2020
Is There a Link Between the Pathogenic Human Coronavirus Envelope Protein and Immunopathology? A Review of the Literature.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Newly Emerged Antiviral Strategies for SARS-CoV-2: From Deciphering Viral Protein Structural Function to the Development of Vaccines, Antibodies, and Small Molecules.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Review
- SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein mitochondrial localization reveals host metabolic disruption.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- The SARS-CoV-2 envelope PDZ binding motif acts as a virulence factor disrupting host's epithelial cell-cell junctions.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Article
- Epidemiology, Clinical Significance, and Diagnosis of Respiratory Viruses and Their Co-Infections in the Post-COVID Era.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Is an Electricity-Driven Virus.Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology · 2025Review
- Genetic Conservation and Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Gene Across Variants of Concern.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Coronavirus envelope protein activates TMED10-mediated unconventional secretion of inflammatory factors.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Membrane Activity and Viroporin Assembly for the SARS-CoV-2 E Protein Are Regulated by Cholesterol.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein impairs airway epithelial barrier function and exacerbates airway inflammation via increased intracellular ClSignal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
- Multiple Lines of Evidence Support 199 SARS-CoV-2 Positively Selected Amino Acid Sites.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Application of methylene blue for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19: A narrative review.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2024Review
- Pharmacological inhibition of bromodomain and extra-terminal proteins induces an NRF-2-mediated antiviral state that is subverted by SARS-CoV-2 infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Identification of Host PDZ-Based Interactions with the SARS-CoV-2 E Protein in Human Monocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Prolonged COVID-19.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- Article
- Homologous or heterogenous vaccination boosters enhance neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant.MedComm · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins reveal distinct serological signatures in children.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Functional mutations of SARS-CoV-2: implications to viral transmission, pathogenicity and immune escape.Chinese medical journal · 2022Article
- Transcription of the Envelope Protein by 1-L Protein-RNA Recognition Code Leads to Genes/Proteins That Are Relevant to the SARS-CoV-2 Life Cycle and Pathogenesis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, human coronaviruses (hCoVs) have been identified as causative agents of severe acute respiratory tract infections. Two more hCoV outbreaks have since occurred, the most recent being SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The clinical presentation of SARS and MERS is remarkably similar to COVID-19, with hyperinflammation causing a severe form of the disease in some patients. Previous studies show that the expression of the SARS-CoV E protein is associated with the hyperinflammatory response that could culminate in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a potentially fatal complication. This immune-mediated damage is largely caused by a cytokine storm, which is induced by significantly elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, which are partly mediated by the expression of the SARS-CoV E protein. The interaction between the SARS-CoV E protein and the host protein, syntenin, as well as the viroporin function of SARS-CoV E, are linked to this cytokine dysregulation. This review aims to compare the clinical presentation of virulent hCoVs with a specific focus on the cause of the immunopathology. The review also proposes that inhibition of IL-1β and IL-6 in severe cases can improve patient outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.