ArticleJournal of nutrition education and behavior2021
Managing Outliers in Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire Data.
Article in Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Sugar-sweetened beverages: consumption, purchasing behaviour, and opinions about policy measures in a nationally representative panel of Dutch secondary school adolescents.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The association between social media use and dietary intake among adolescents in Türkiye: a cross sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Article
- Associations of economic vulnerability and food insecurity with the Planetary Health Diet in children: PASE study (Brazil).Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Outliers in nutrient intake data for U.S. adults: national health and nutrition examination survey 2017-2018.Epidemiologic methods · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe goal of this study was to explore the impact of 5 decision rules for removing outliers from adolescent food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data.
designThis secondary analysis used baseline and 3-month data from a weight loss intervention clinical trial.
participantsAfrican American adolescents (n = 181) were recruited from outpatient clinics and community health fairs. VARIABLES MEASURED: Data collected included self-reported FFQ and mediators of weight (food addiction, depressive symptoms, and relative reinforcing value of food), caregiver-reported executive functioning, and objectively measured weight status (percentage overweight). ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics examined patterns in study variables at baseline and follow-up. Correlational analyses explored the relationships between FFQ data and key study variables at baseline and follow-up.
resultsCompared with not removing outliers, using decision rules reduced the number of cases and restricted the range of data. The magnitude of baseline FFQ-mediator relationships was attenuated under all decision rules but varied (increasing, decreasing, and reversing direction) at follow-up. Decision rule use increased the magnitude of change in FFQ estimated energy intake and significantly strengthened its relationship with weight change under 2 fixed range decision rules. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Results suggest careful evaluation of outliers and testing and reporting the effects of different outlier decision rules through sensitivity analyses.
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Registered trials
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