ReviewFundamental & clinical pharmacology2021
Antiviral therapies: advances and perspectives.
Review in Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Climate change and antimicrobial resistance.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Chemically Engineered Sulfates of Lasiodiplodan: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antirespiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Activities.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Cellular lipids: fundamental host factors for monkeypox virus replication and pathogenesis.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Global research hotspots, trends, and future directions of ivermectin research: an informatics investigation (2020-2025).Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Protein to biomaterials: Unraveling the antiviral and proangiogenic activities of Ac-TβBioactive materials · 2025Article
- Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) as Potential Antiviral Agents: Synthesis, Biophysical Properties, Safety, Challenges and Future Directions─Update Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Antiviral Drug Delivery Strategies.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Antiviral strategies against influenza virus: an update on approved and innovative therapeutic approaches.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- Research advances in fungal polysaccharides: production, extraction, characterization, properties, and their multifaceted applications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Harnessing Antiviral Peptides: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2025Review
- Breaking the Chain: Protease Inhibitors as Game Changers in Respiratory Viruses Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Virus-Induced Epilepsy vs. Epilepsy Patients Acquiring Viral Infection: Unravelling the Complex Relationship for Precision Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Engineered Nanomaterial Coatings for Food Packaging: Design, Manufacturing, Regulatory, and Sustainability Implications.Micromachines · 2024Review
- Progressing nanotechnology to improve targeted cancer treatment: overcoming hurdles in its clinical implementation.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Recent Updates on Viral Oncogenesis: Available Preventive and Therapeutic Entities.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Antiviral PROTACs: Opportunity borne with challenge.Cell insight · 2023Review
- Repositioned Natural Compounds and Nanoformulations: A Promising Combination to Counteract Cell Damage and Inflammation in Respiratory Viral Infections.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Silver Nanoparticles: Review of Antiviral Properties, Mechanism of Action and Applications.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Review
- Therapeutic Applications of the CRISPR-Cas System.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Viral infections cause high morbidity and mortality, threaten public health, and impose a socioeconomic burden. We have seen the recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), the causative agent of COVID-19 that has already infected more than 29 million people, with more than 900 000 deaths since its identification in December 2019. Considering the significant impact of viral infections, research and development of new antivirals and control strategies are essential. In this paper, we summarize 96 antivirals approved by the Food and Drug Administration between 1987 and 2019. Of these, 49 (51%) are used in treatments against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), four against human papillomavirus, six against cytomegalovirus, eight against hepatitis B virus, five against influenza, six against herpes simplex virus, 17 against hepatitis C virus and one against respiratory syncytial virus. This review also describes future perspectives for new antiviral therapies such as nanotechnologies, monoclonal antibodies and the CRISPR-Cas system. These strategies are suggested as inhibitors of viral replication by various means, such as direct binding to the viral particle, blocking the infection, changes in intracellular mechanisms or viral genes, preventing replication and virion formation. We also observed that a large number of viral agents have no therapy available and the majority of those approved in the last 32 years are restricted to some groups, especially anti-HIV. Additionally, the emergence of new viruses and strains resistant to available antivirals has necessitated the formulation of new antivirals.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.