ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2022
Clostridioides difficile Binary Toxin Is Recognized by the Toll-Like Receptor 2/6 Heterodimer to Induce a Nuclear Factor-κB Response.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- From colonization to infection: Genomic evolution of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis.Cell reports · 2026Review
- Deciphering macrophage dynamics and immune evasion strategies by the intracellular bacteria.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Fecal microbiota transplantation as a therapeutic modality for recurrentAnnals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Article
- Advances in gut-lung axis research: clinical perspectives on pneumonia prevention and treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Purified CDT toxins and a clean deletion within the CDT locus provide novel insights into the contribution of binary toxin in cellular inflammation and Clostridioides difficile infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Understanding host immune responses iniMeta · 2024Review
- Exploring the Toxin-Mediated Mechanisms inMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Reviewing theMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Beneficial effects of fecal microbiota transplantation in recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection.Cell host & microbe · 2023Review
- Review
- Avian Macrophage Responses to Virulent and AvirulentPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ as the gatekeeper of tight junction inFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
- The Binary Toxin ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) represents a significant burden on the health care system, one that is exacerbated by the emergence of binary toxin (CDT)-producing hypervirulent C. difficile strains. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) recognizes CDT to induce inflammation. Here we explore the interactions of CDT with TLR2 and the impact on host immunity during CDI. We found that the TLR2/6 heterodimer, not TLR2/1, is responsible for CDT recognition, and that gene pathways including nuclear factor-κB and MAPK downstream of TLR2/6 are upregulated in mice with intact TLR2/6 signaling during CDI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.