ArticleJournal of morphology2020
Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 1. Arachnidium fibrosum.
Article in Journal of morphology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Boring systematics: A genome skimmed phylogeny of ctenostome bryozoans and their endolithic family Penetrantiidae with the description of one new species.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Rediscovering the unusual, solitary bryozoan Monobryozoon ambulans Remane, 1936: first molecular and new morphological data clarify its phylogenetic position.Frontiers in zoology · 2024Article
- Digging into boring bryozoans: new characters and new species of Immergentiidae.Organisms, diversity & evolution · 2024Article
- Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 6. Amphibiobeania epiphylla.Journal of morphology · 2022Article
- Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 5. Sundanella, with description of a new species from the Western Atlantic and the Multiporata concept.Journal of morphology · 2022Article
- The epithelial layers of the body wall in hornerid bryozoans (Stenolaemata: Cyclostomatida).Journal of morphology · 2022Article
- Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 3. Elzerina, Flustrellidra, Bockiella.Journal of morphology · 2021Article
- Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 4. Pierrella plicata.Journal of morphology · 2021Article
- Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 1. Arachnidium fibrosum.Journal of morphology · 2020Article
- Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 2. Haywardozoon pacificum, with implications of the phylogenetic position of the genus.Journal of morphology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The morphology of ctenostome bryozoans remains little investigated with only few species having been subject to more detailed studies. From all the seven main different superfamilies, only few representatives have been studied. The superfamily Arachnidioidea has particularly been neglected concerning detailed morphological and histological details. So far, not a single analysis specifically studied a representative of the family Arachnidiidae. Arachnidium-like forms have, however, often been regarded as potential cheilostome ancestors, the most successful group of bryozoans to date. The lack of any morphological data on this family called for a detailed investigation of one of its representatives. Hence, we analysed the general morphology and histology of Arachnidium fibrosum. Most striking morphological features previously unrecognized are a cardiac constrictor, previously almost unknown in the family, a single pair of apertural muscles consisting of proximal parieto-diaphragmatic and distal parieto-vestibular muscles, six pairs of duplicature bands, a lophophoral anus and retractor muscles attaching to the foregut. Although comparative data are limited, there seem to be two distinct different clades of arachnidiid ctenostomes that are characterized by their aperture and details of gut morphology. Further analysis of additional arachnidioidean species are required to confirm this.
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