SynthesisJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2020
Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale's use, reliability, and validity: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The PALISA Study - Pain Assessment During Less-Invasive-Surfactant-Administration
Ultrasound Monitoring of Muscle Thickness in Premature Patients Undergoing Infant Massage: Experience in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
The Use of Intranasal Sedation With Midazolam to Reduce Stress, Discomfort and Procedural Pain in Preterm Newborns and Infants During Routine ROP Screening
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sucrose or glucose compared to breast milk for pain control in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical rating scales for assessing pain in newborn infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Dexmedetomidine for analgesia and sedation in newborn infants receiving mechanical ventilation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- [Evidence-based guideline for neonatal pain management in China (2023)].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2023Guideline
- Methods of Assessing Postoperative Pain in Infants (0-12 Months): A Scoping Review.Paediatric & neonatal pain · 2026Review
- Pain Assessment During Less Invasive Surfactant Administration Using Skin Conductance: A Prospective Cohort Study.Pediatric research · 2026Observational
- A Factor Analysis of the COMFORTneo Scale: What Are We Measuring?Paediatric & neonatal pain · 2026Article
- Comparative efficacy and safety of remimazolam vs. dexmedetomidine: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- An interpretable machine learning model for predicting emergence agitation in children: a multicenter development and validation study.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- EDIN and N-PASS pain scale comparison in asphyxiated newborns treated with therapeutic hypothermia.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Continuous wireless sensor monitoring with applied diagnostics: Clinical Sensor Pain Scale and Automated Sensor Pain Scale in the NICU.BMJ health & care informatics · 2025Article
- Evidence summary for pain management during retinopathy of prematurity screening.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Refractory agitation in the NICU: challenges in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Low-Code AI Platform for Developing a Neonatal Multimodal Pain Classification Model.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Neonatal intensive care nurses' assessment of preterm infants' pain and sedation: inter-rater reliability of the neonatal pain, agitation, and sedation scale.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Detection of neurologic changes in critically ill infants using deep learning on video data: a retrospective single center cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Validity and use of the Neonatal Infant Stressor Scale: An integrative review.Early human development · 2024Review
- Accurate prediction of neurologic changes in critically ill infants using pose AI.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Comparison of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation in preterm infants after patent ductus arteriosus ligation: a retrospective study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Analgesic Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy before Heel Lance for Pain Management in Healthy Term Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale (N-PASS) is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics to measure neonatal pain and sedation. However, little is known regarding its reliability and validity for diverse neonatal subpopulations. Twenty-nine studies were included in our review, demonstrating broad application of N-PASS and good or excellent reliability and validity for various neonatal subpopulations. Our systematic review found N-PASS to be valid and reliable for many but not all neonatal subpopulations. There is a lack of support for N-PASS reliability and validity for measuring prolonged pain and sedation in nonmechanically ventilated infants and for acute pain in postoperative infants in any gestational age category. Overall, N-PASS is a psychometrically sound and pragmatic instrument evaluating pain and sedation for most neonatal populations. Future research using N-PASS is encouraged to evaluate and report its validity and reliability, especially for neonatal subpopulations not included in this review.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33009491What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.