ArticleCellular microbiology2021
The CCCTC-binding factor CTCF represses hepatitis B virus enhancer I and regulates viral transcription.
Article in Cellular microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- CTCF regulates wild-type and recombinant AAV gene expression by shaping viral chromatin.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Stable state of hepatocyte chromatin during hepatitis B virus infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Molecular Mimics: How Viral Genomes Dupe Their Host by Usurping CTCF to Establish Infection.Viruses · 2026Review
- Porphyromonas gingivalis induced DNA oxidative stress damage by iron overload to deplete CTCF expression and prevent osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- Article
- A nucleosome switch primes Hepatitis B Virus infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Human papillomavirus integration transforms chromatin to drive oncogenesis.Genome biology · 2023Article
- An enrichment protocol and analysis pipeline for long read sequencing of the hepatitis B virus transcriptome.The Journal of general virology · 2023Article
- Dynamics of Viral and Host 3D Genome Structure upon Infection.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Review
- When 3D genome technology meets viral infection, including SARS-CoV-2.Journal of medical virology · 2022Review
- Generation and Utilization of a Monoclonal Antibody against Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein for a Comprehensive Interactome Analysis.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Gene Editing Technologies to Target HBV cccDNA.Viruses · 2022Review
- Review
- Characterization of Episomal Replication of Bovine Papillomavirus Type 1 DNA in Long-Term Virion-Infected Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Culture.Virologica Sinica · 2021Article
- Hypoxia inducible factors regulate hepatitis B virus replication by activating the basal core promoter.Journal of hepatology · 2021Article
- Regulation of host and viral promoters during human cytomegalovirus latency via US28 and CTCF.The Journal of general virology · 2021Article
- Recent Advances in Hepatitis B Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Circadian control of hepatitis B virus replication.Nature communications · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is of global importance with over 2 billion people exposed to the virus during their lifetime and at risk of progressive liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV is a member of the Hepadnaviridae family that replicates via episomal copies of a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) genome. The chromatinization of this small viral genome, with overlapping open reading frames and regulatory elements, suggests an important role for epigenetic pathways to regulate viral transcription. The chromatin-organising transcriptional insulator protein, CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), has been reported to regulate transcription in a diverse range of viruses. We identified two conserved CTCF binding sites in the HBV genome within enhancer I and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis demonstrated an enrichment of CTCF binding to integrated or episomal copies of the viral genome. siRNA knock-down of CTCF results in a significant increase in pre-genomic RNA levels in de novo infected HepG2 cells and those supporting episomal HBV DNA replication. Furthermore, mutation of these sites in HBV DNA minicircles abrogated CTCF binding and increased pre-genomic RNA levels, providing evidence of a direct role for CTCF in repressing HBV transcription.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.