ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2021
Business Data Categorization and Refinement for Application in Longitudinal Neighborhood Health Research: a Methodology.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed.
- Classifying healthcare facilities as predictors of COVID-19 mortality rates in US counties (2020-2021).Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- From Past to Present: Examining the Associations Between Historical Racialized Housing Interventions and Current-Day Neighborhood-level Outcomes: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Changes in Neighborhood Foodscapes From 2003 to 2023 by Area Rurality in the United States.American journal of public health · 2026Article
- Spatial accessibility to healthcare facilities and the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 infection: evidence from the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke (REGARDS) study, United States, March 2020 to September 2021.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Measuring "third places": Comparing neighborhood data for cognitive health research.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Integrating contextual determinants and polygenic risk to examine dementia and late-life cognition in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- The association between midlife neighbourhood walkability and Alzheimer's disease in women: a prospective nested case-control study.Age and ageing · 2026Article
- AARP Age-Friendly community designation and neighborhood resources to support healthy aging nationwide, 2012-2017.Health & place · 2026Article
- Spatial and neighborhood data in the collaborative cohort of cohorts for COVID-19 Research (C4R).PloS one · 2026Observational
- Where Do Older Pedestrians Experience a Risk of Being Killed in a Motor Vehicle Crash?Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- Twenty-five-year changes in alcohol environment in US metropolitan areas: Examining patterns by area level sociodemographic characteristics.Cities (London, England) · 2025Article
- Does living near a tobacco retailer impact the efficacy of smoking cessation treatments?: Analysis from a randomized trial.Addictive behaviors reports · 2025Article
- Gentrification and Fear of Displacement: a Quantitative Study of Older Black and White US Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Healthcare Access in the Aftermath: A Longitudinal Analysis of Disaster Impact on US Communities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Associations between neighborhood built-environment characteristics and hepatic steatosis: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Health & place · 2025Article
- Neighborhood physical activity facilities predict risk of incident mixed and vascular dementia: The Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Design of a Location-Based Case-Control Study of Built Environment Risk Factors for Pedestrian Fatalities in the U.S.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Development and validation of mortality prediction models based on the social determinants of health.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2024Article
- Intake of Snacks and Sweets in a National Study of Built and Social Environments: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Neighborhood Archetypes and Cardiovascular Health in Black Breast Cancer Survivors.JACC. CardioOncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Retail environments, such as healthcare locations, food stores, and recreation facilities, may be relevant to many health behaviors and outcomes. However, minimal guidance on how to collect, process, aggregate, and link these data results in inconsistent or incomplete measurement that can introduce misclassification bias and limit replication of existing research. We describe the following steps to leverage business data for longitudinal neighborhood health research: re-geolocating establishment addresses, preliminary classification using standard industrial codes, systematic checks to refine classifications, incorporation and integration of complementary data sources, documentation of a flexible hierarchical classification system and variable naming conventions, and linking to neighborhoods and participant residences. We show results of this classification from a dataset of locations (over 77 million establishment locations) across the contiguous U.S. from 1990 to 2014. By incorporating complementary data sources, through manual spot checks in Google StreetView and word and name searches, we enhanced a basic classification using only standard industrial codes. Ultimately, providing these enhanced longitudinal data and supplying detailed methods for researchers to replicate our work promotes consistency, replicability, and new opportunities in neighborhood health research.
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