ArticleScientific reports2020
Antiviral activity of digoxin and ouabain against SARS-CoV-2 infection and its implication for COVID-19.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chinese herbal medicine: Fighting SARS-CoV-2 infection on all fronts.Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- RepurNet: A network medicine framework for systematic drug repurposing and disease vulnerability discovery.iScience · 2026Article
- Ouabain exerts protective effects on SH-SY5Y cells upon Zika virus infection.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Digoxin attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice via NF-κB and HIF-1α inhibition.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Interspecies Differences in Cytomegalovirus Inhibition by Cardiac Glycosides-A Unique Role of the Alpha3 Isoform of the NaViruses · 2025Article
- Precision spatiotemporal analysis of large-scale compound-protein interactions through molecular dynamics simulation.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Identification of gene signatures and potential pharmaceutical candidates linked to COVID-19-related depression based on gene expression profiles.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Cardiac glycosides: Looking beyond heart failure and atrial fibrillation.Indian journal of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Targeting senescent cells in aging and COVID-19: from cellular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities.Cell regeneration (London, England) · 2024Review
- Inflammation in the COVID-19 airway is due to inhibition of CFTR signaling by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Sensational site: the sodium pump ouabain-binding site and its ligands.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2024Review
- Cardiac glycosides inhibit early and late vaccinia virus protein expression.The Journal of general virology · 2024Article
- Emerging Treatment Approaches for COVID-19 Infection: A Critical Review.Current molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Computational Drug Design Strategies for Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Chronic Ouabain Targets Pore-Forming Claudin-2 and Ameliorates Radiation-Induced Damage to the Rat Intestinal Tissue Barrier.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cationic Chitosan Derivatives for the Inactivation of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 Enveloped Viruses.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Digoxin and Standard-of-Care Therapy for Heart Failure Patients with COVID-19: Analysis of Data from the US Military Health System (MHS) Data Repository.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2023Article
- New uses for an old remedy: Digoxin as a potential treatment for steatohepatitis and other disorders.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Bioinformatics-based investigation on the genetic influence between SARS-CoV-2 infections and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diseases, and drug repurposing.Scientific reports · 2023Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The current coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is exacerbated by the absence of effective therapeutic agents. Notably, patients with COVID-19 and comorbidities such as hypertension and cardiac diseases have a higher mortality rate. An efficient strategy in response to this issue is repurposing drugs with antiviral activity for therapeutic effect. Digoxin (DIG) and ouabain (OUA) are FDA drugs for heart diseases that have antiviral activity against several coronaviruses. Thus, we aimed to assess antiviral activity of DIG and OUA against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.