Trial reportDiabetes care2020
The Impact of Empagliflozin on Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes: An Exploratory Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sodium-glucose co-transporter protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for people with chronic kidney disease and diabetes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- DAHOS Study: Efficacy of dapagliflozin in treating heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome - A 3-month, multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2024Trial
- Ertugliflozin and incident obstructive sleep apnea: an analysis from the VERTIS CV trial.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2023Trial
- Management of type 2 diabetes, 2026. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD).Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with accelerated progression of diabetic kidney disease.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Article
- Non-positive Airway Pressure Therapies for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Central Sleep Apnoea.Cardiac failure review · 2026Review
- Rationale and design of the Adipose Dysfunction, Imaging, Physiology, and Outcomes with sodium-glucose cotransporter - 2 inhibitors for Sleep Apnea (ADIPOSA) study.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- Effects of Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors on Atrial Fibrillation Recurrences After Catheter Ablation in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Molecular Biomarkers and Therapeutic Approach of Patients with Diabetes and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Characteristics and Outcomes of IgA Nephropathy Patients With SGLT2 Inhibitor-Induced Polycythemia.Cureus · 2025Article
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes: An Update.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Pharmacological management of sleep apnea and obesity, a new frontier.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluating the potential of metabolic drugs in obstructive sleep apnea and obesity: a narrative review.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Review
- A Structured Narrative Review of the OSA-T2DM Axis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Recent Insights into the Relationship Between Sleep Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disease.Yonago acta medica · 2025Review
- Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Hypertension-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Empagliflozin-based quadruple oral therapy for type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tofogliflozin reduces sleep apnea severity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure: a prospective study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo explore the effects of empagliflozin on the incidence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its effects on metabolic, cardiovascular (CV), and renal outcomes among participants with or without OSA in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsParticipants with diabetes and CV disease were randomized to empagliflozin (10 and 25 mg) or placebo daily in addition to standard of care. OSA was assessed by investigator report using Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities version 18.0, and CV outcomes were independently adjudicated. Analyses were performed using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models.
resultsOSA was reported in 391 of 7,020 (5.6%) participants at baseline. Those with OSA were more likely to be male (83% vs. 71%) and to have moderate to severe obesity (BMI ≥35 kg/m
conclusionsIn EMPA-REG OUTCOME, participants with OSA had greater comorbidity and higher frequency of CV and renal events. Empagliflozin had favorable effects on risk factors and CV and renal outcomes regardless of preexisting OSA and may also reduce the risk for new-onset OSA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.